Jump to content

Gracie Mansion

Coordinates: 40°46′34″N 73°56′35″W / 40.77611°N 73.94306°W / 40.77611; -73.94306
This is a good article. Click here for more information.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Archibald Gracie Mansion
East front
Map
LocationEast End Ave. at 88th St., Manhattan, New York
Coordinates40°46′34″N 73°56′35″W / 40.77611°N 73.94306°W / 40.77611; -73.94306
Built1799[1]
ArchitectArchibald Gracie
Architectural styleFederal Style
NRHP reference No.75001205
NYSRHP No.06101.000009
NYCL No.0179
Significant dates
Added to NRHPMay 12, 1975[1]
Designated NYSRHPJune 23, 1980
Designated NYCLSeptember 20, 1966

Gracie Mansion (also Archibald Gracie Mansion) is the official residence of the mayor of New York City. Built in 1799, it is located in Carl Schurz Park, at East End Avenue and 88th Street in the Yorkville neighborhood of Manhattan. The federal-style mansion overlooks Hell Gate in the East River and consists of the original two-story house and an annex built in 1966. The original house is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The house's site was previously occupied by Belview Mansion, built in 1770 for local merchant Jacob Walton and destroyed during the American Revolutionary War. In 1799, Archibald Gracie built a new house on the same site, which he used as his country home until 1823. The family of merchant Joseph Foulke used the house from 1823 to 1857, and the family of builder Noah Wheaton used it from 1857 to 1896, when the municipal government made its grounds part of Carl Schurz Park. During the early 20th century, the mansion was used as public restrooms, an ice cream stand, and classrooms. Gracie Mansion housed the Museum of the City of New York from 1924 to 1936, and it was a historic house museum until 1942, when it became a mayoral residence. Since then, each mayor except for Michael Bloomberg has lived at Gracie Mansion at some point during their tenure; most mayors redecorated the house upon taking office. A reception wing, named for New York City first lady Susan Wagner, was completed in 1966. Further major renovations took place in 1983–1984 and in 2002.

The facade is composed of clapboard panels with shutters. The original mansion's first floor includes parlors, a dining room, a kitchen, and a library; the annex also includes a ballroom and reception rooms. The second floor has been traditionally used as bedrooms, while the basements contain offices. The mansion's upkeep is partially overseen by the Gracie Mansion Conservancy, although the city government continues to own it. In addition to governmental business and special events, Gracie Mansion hosts public tours. Over the years, the house has been the subject of commentary, and it has also received accolades and has been depicted in numerous media works.

Site

[edit]

Gracie Mansion, also known as Archibald Gracie Mansion,[2] is located in Carl Schurz Park (at East End Avenue and 88th Street) in the Yorkville neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. The mansion faces northeast toward Hell Gate, a channel in the East River.[3] By the early 21st century, it was the only remaining country estate in Yorkville.[4] Gracie Mansion sits atop Carl Schurz Park's highest point.[5]

Previous site usage

[edit]

The Europeans established their first settlements in modern-day New York City in the 17th century. From that point until the end of the 19th century, only six men owned the site.[6] The first European owner of Gracie Mansion's site was Sybout Claessan, who received either 30 acres (12 ha)[7] or 106 acres (43 ha) from the Dutch West India Company in 1646.[3][8] Claessan's land, which includes Carl Schurz Park,[8] was initially known as Hoorn's Hook or Horn's Hook, after the city of Hoorn in North Holland.[7][3][9] The site was alternately known as Horen Hook, Harris' Hook,[7] or Harris' Point.[10] Dutch immigrant Resolved Waldron obtained the land in 1690 after Claessan died; it passed through three other members of the Waldron family over the next eight decades and was subdivided after William Waldron's death in 1769.[11][12]

Jacob Walton, a merchant from what is now Flatbush in Brooklyn, obtained 11 acres (4.5 ha) around Hoorn's Hook and built a house, Belview Mansion, on the site in 1770. He moved into the house with his wife Polly Cruger.[11][3] Drawings indicate that the earlier mansion was composed of a two-story central section and one-story wings on either side. Ornamentation on that house included quoins at its corners; keystones above the windows; a weather vane and finials at the roof; and a triple bay of windows at the end of each wing.[13] The Waltons were forced to leave the house in February 1776, during the American Revolutionary War,[11] and the site became a Continental Army fort,[14][15] which was completed in April 1776.[16] The house was severely damaged by cannonball fire on September 8[16][15] or September 15, 1776.[17][18] British troops controlled the site until 1783.[17][18][19]

The Waltons never went back to Belview;[19] their four children did not receive the land until 1791.[20] Belview Mansion included a hidden tunnel to the East River,[3] which still existed when Gracie Mansion was developed on the same site.[21][22] The brick tunnel ran north from the mansion's basement and then turned east toward the river. It is not known why the tunnel was built, but one newspaper said the tunnel could have been used as an escape route during the American Revolution or as a secret lover's entrance.[22] For more than two centuries, there was little documentation on Belview Mansion's existence.[13] One of the cannonballs that destroyed the mansion was later displayed.[23]

Early history

[edit]

Gracie occupancy

[edit]

The merchant Archibald Gracie, at the time one of New York City's richest men,[24] bought Walton's land in two phases in December 1798 and January 1799.[25][20] At the time, the Gracies' city residence was a house that they rented from New York City mayor Richard Varick.[26][27] Gracie built a new country estate on the Walton site in 1799,[28][29][30] though there is disagreement over whether Gracie destroyed or reused the remains of Belview Mansion.[15][31][a] In either case, Gracie removed the Revolutionary War-era earthworks and landscaped the gardens.[33] Gracie's mansion was abutted to the west by the house of banker Nathaniel Prime,[34][35] which later became St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum.[35] Other houses along the East River included those of the Rhinelander family,[34] Alexander Hamilton, John Jacob Astor, and Isaac Chauncey, which have long since been demolished.[36] Gracie Mansion, at the time, was accessible only via the East River and was several miles from the developed parts of Lower Manhattan.[30][33] There was a dock and a stone stable just south of the house.[37]

In 1801, Gracie hosted a meeting of New York Federalists at the mansion to raise funds for the establishment of the New York Evening Post, which eventually became the New York Post.[38] During the city's 1803 yellow fever epidemic, the house's isolated position allowed Gracie to avoid infected people in the city.[39] Although the house originally faced southeast, it was expanded in 1804 to face northeast toward Hell Gate.[40] The mansion was valued at $5,200[i] by 1809.[39] Further expansions were completed in 1811;[37] the work included relocating the main entrance, adding a pantry and parlor at ground level, and adding two bedrooms upstairs.[41] Cannons were installed during the War of 1812 to defend the house's elevated site,[39][42] and the house itself may have served as a military post.[43]

The house entertained up to fifty guests at a time.[18] Gracie hosted guests such as Hamilton, Astor, future French king Louis Philippe I, U.S. president John Quincy Adams, and writers James Fenimore Cooper and Washington Irving.[9][44] The Riker, Rhinelander, and Schermerhorn families were also guests, as were the poet Thomas Moore, U.S. Army general Winfield Scott, and New York governor DeWitt Clinton.[34][18] Future Boston mayor Josiah Quincy III, who also stopped by the mansion, described the house as "elegant" and the grounds as having a tasteful layout.[45][37] Irving may have written part of his novel Astoria while at the house,[9][44][42] and he wrote in 1813 that "I cannot tell you how sweet and delightful I found this retreat, pure air, agreeable scenery and profound quiet".[18]

Gracie continued to maintain a residence in Lower Manhattan; he bought a new city residence at 1 State Street in 1805 and moved to another house at 15 State Street in 1813.[41] Gracie was so wealthy that, when he lost $1 million[ii] in 1807 due to naval blockades, his net worth was unaffected.[46] Although Gracie's firm lost more than $1 million[iii] during the War of 1812,[47] he used the house as his country home until 1823.[48][44] Ultimately, the aftermath of the war depleted his finances.[46][28] Two of U.S. Founding Father Rufus King's sons married two of Gracie's daughters, and King bought the mansion prior to 1823.[18][49] King placed the mansion for sale in April 1823,[49] and Gracie's company, Archibald Gracie & Son, was dissolved the next month.[49][50]

Foulke use

[edit]

The same year as Gracie's firm was dissolved, the house was sold to Joseph Foulke,[50][51] a merchant who had gained his wealth from trading largely in Central America and the Caribbean.[52] Foulke paid $20,500[iv] for the house and about 11 acres (4.5 ha) of land, which became known as Foulke's Point.[51][53] Initially, the Foulke family used Gracie Mansion only as a summer mansion,[51] but they eventually used the house as their primary residence.[54] The Foulkes added a fireplace mantel in the parlor but are not known to have made any other modifications.[51] When Foulke died in 1852, the mansion and estate were passed to his seven children, and the land was subsequently divided.[18]

Wheaton use

[edit]

Foulke's family sold the house in 1857 to a builder named Noah Wheaton,[54] who also purchased 12 adjacent lots.[55] By then, many of the estates on the East River were being replaced with industrial development.[40] Wheaton added a two-story brick stable north of the mansion, built a kitchen in the mansion itself, and added gas lighting.[51] One of the Wheatons' guests wrote that they used to swim at Gracie's old mansion, where "there was comparatively deep water on the North side".[39]

Wheaton declared bankruptcy in 1859, and the house went into foreclosure two years later, although the family was allowed to remain there. The Great Western Insurance Company, who had foreclosed on the house, resold it to Wheaton in 1870.[51] The 1870 census describes Wheaton as living in the house with his wife, their three daughters, and two servants; by then, his affluent neighbors had moved toward the middle of Manhattan.[40] Wheaton's daughter Alice Hermione Wheaton Quackenbush and her husband Lambert S. Quackenbush lived in the mansion for five years in the 1870s; the Quackenbushes' two oldest children, Amalie and Daniel, were also born in the mansion.[56]

Wheaton took out several mortgages on the house and frequently encountered business troubles.[40] His entire family may have left the house for a short time in the 1870s during one such business failure.[57] Wheaton established a business on Broadway in 1878, but the business is not listed in an 1879 directory. In directories for subsequent years, listings for Wheaton mention only that he lived at Gracie Mansion, although he is recorded as being a "merchant" in 1882 and 1883.[58] The house continued to be affected by Wheaton's business failures until his youngest daughter, Jane, married the lawyer Hamlin Babcock in 1884.[40][54] Babcock moved into the house and remained there until 1896.[40]

Parks Department takeover

[edit]

The New York City government took over the land northeast of 86th Street and East End Avenue in 1891, converting it into what would later become Carl Schurz Park.[9] The house itself was not acquired by the city until 1896, when the city government added it to Carl Schurz Park.[40][39] According to Susan Danilow, who directed the Gracie Mansion Conservancy in the 2000s, the city government took over the mansion because the taxes had not been paid.[30] The mansion served various functions as part of the park, including an ice cream stand, storage rooms, classrooms,[30][39] and as a public toilet where, for five cents, people could use the house's bathrooms.[30]

In 1911, the mansion was outfitted with steam heat; at the time, the house was being used as a clubhouse for girls' clubs.[59] The porch began to sag, while the paint was peeling.[18] The house was in such disrepair that local residents wanted the mansion demolished, although a group led by Mrs. Graeme Elliot advocated for its preservation.[60]

Museum of the City of New York use

[edit]
Fireplace in one room

The Patriotic New Yorkers—led by the writer May King Van Rensselaer, one of Gracie's descendants[61]—had been contemplating taking over the mansion and opening an American history museum there in 1920.[62] King Van Rensselaer and 20 other upper-class women wanted the museum to depict "the guests who had been entertained there, in the costumes of the beginning of 1800".[63] The group wrote a letter to the Manhattan park commissioner in March 1922, requesting that Gracie Mansion be converted into a public museum.[64] The next month, a bill to transfer control of the mansion to the Patriotic New Yorkers was introduced in the state legislature.[65] At the time, the house was characterized as tan with red trimmings, and there was a piazza in front of the house.[66] By 1923, the Museum of the City of New York (MCNY), led by Henry Collins Brown, also wanted to take over the house.[63][67] Although NYC Parks had not awarded control of the house to either organization, The New York Times wrote that MCNY officials were already marking their letters as having come from Gracie Mansion.[67]

Ultimately, the city and state governments gave the MCNY control over the mansion;[68] the 1924 Valentine's Manual said the home "is exactly the place" for a history museum.[69] As part of the agreement, the city government maintained the house,[69][68] and the city's park commissioners were also permitted to rent it to civic groups for meetings.[70] The MCNY furnished Gracie Mansion with objects gifted or loaned by other institutions.[71] The MCNY opened within the mansion in November 1924 with exhibits spread across two floors.[72] Following further restoration, Gracie Mansion formally opened to the public as the MCNY's exhibit space in March 1927,[73] although the museum was already planning a new building.[74] When the MCNY occupied the house, the ground floor was arranged as a reception room, music room, and dining room.[60][75] Three of the second-floor rooms were open to the public: a bedroom, a theatrical history room, and a drawing room,[60][76] the last of which was dedicated to May King Van Rensselaer in 1927.[61] The New York Times wrote in the late 1920s that the house's presence "helps to sustain the old-fashioned atmosphere" of the surrounding blocks, where apartments were quickly being built.[77]

The mansion had 130,000 visitors within a year of its rededication.[78] After the United States Department of War set off explosives in Hell Gate to dredge it, the house's ceiling partially collapsed in June 1928, and the house was closed for repairs.[79] The ceiling could not be repaired while blasting continued,[80] but the secretary of war denied that the building had sustained structural damage.[81] In 1929, the city authorized $12,000[v] in bonds to repair the mansion and add a fence.[82] When the MCNY's new building on Fifth Avenue was completed in 1931, the museum moved almost all staff to the new structure.[83] The MCNY moved out of the mansion completely in August 1932, as the museum's director said that it had outgrown the house.[84][85] The empty house was guarded only by a watchman, and NYC Parks had no plans for the mansion.[85]

Historic house museum use

[edit]

A renovation of the house commenced in September 1934.[86] Park commissioner Robert Moses had hired Aymar Embury II to design a new porch and redesign the interior, in advance of the house's conversion into a historic house museum.[87] Works Progress Administration (WPA) workers added new window sills, roof, clapboard, porch, and heating and lighting systems. None of the original furniture remained, but several organizations agreed to lend furniture to the house, and the Colonial Dames of America redecorated a room. The MCNY gave some musical instruments; the Metropolitan Museum of Art provided 10 paintings and 19 pieces of furniture, and lawyer Francis Patrick Garvan lent 61 pieces of furnishings.[47] Central heating and electricity were also added.[88]

The renovation was completed in April 1936.[86] The ground floor contained a porch, hall, living room, dining room, sitting room, and curator's room, while the second floor included a child's bedroom, three master bedrooms, and a caretaker's apartment.[47] The rooms displayed items such as paintings, four-poster beds, drawers, Chippendale chairs, a piano, and other furniture from the early 19th century.[42] The house attracted relatively few visitors, as the only nearby public transportation was the 86th Street Crosstown Line, a trolley (and later bus) line.[89] A reporter for the New York Herald Tribune wrote in 1940 that the house "cannot hide from modern visitors its lack of running water and adequate heat" despite the ornate decorations.[90]

Early plans for the East River Drive (now FDR Drive) called for a double-deck section of the parkway to be built straight through the mansion's lawn. At the urging of Manhattan borough president Stanley M. Isaacs, this segment was changed to a tunnel in 1938.[91] The tunnel's design was intended to preserve the slope of the hill between the mansion and the waterfront,[92] as well as the views from the mansion.[93][94] Even so, the parkway effectively cut off the mansion from the waterfront.[40] Work on a double-deck section of tunnel, which traveled within 20 yards (18 m) of Gracie Mansion, began in February 1940,[95] and the tunnel was finished that June.[94] During the construction of the tunnel, many of the mansion's artifacts had to be placed in storage.[89] Members of the public suggested converting the house for other purposes, including a nightclub or a tea room.[96]

Use as mayor's residence

[edit]

Robert Moses had first proposed acquiring an official New York City mayoral residence in 1935.[97] At the time, the city's mayors typically lived in their own houses after they were elected;[97][98] the only indication that a building served as a mayor's residence was a special streetlight outside the home.[98][99] In 1936, Mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia rejected the idea of acquiring the Charles M. Schwab House as a mayoral residence.[100][101] In June 1941, Moses received a letter offering to furnish Gracie Mansion as a historic house museum. [102] Moses opposed this proposal and instead suggested this site as a mayoral residence to La Guardia,[102] to which the latter eventually agreed.[103] Moses, in a November 1941 letter to La Guardia, predicted it would cost $25,000[vi] to rebuild the mansion for the mayor.[102][104]

Conversion and La Guardia use

[edit]
Front of the house

A plan to convert Gracie Mansion into New York City's mayoral residence was drafted in December 1941,[17][105] and the New York City Board of Estimate approved the plan unanimously the next month.[106][107] This made Gracie Mansion one of a few official mayoral residences in the U.S.[108][109] To convince La Guardia, Moses proposed closing the house's restrooms and evicting Carl Schurz Park's caretaker from the second floor.[102] Henry Stern, who served as the city's park commissioner in the late 20th century, said that Moses's proposal was "a great idea, with great foresight", because it placed the mansion under the purview of the city's park department.[107] Conversely, the Citizens Union of New York opposed the plan because it would be inconvenient for city officials and future mayors to travel there from outer boroughs.[110] Another opponent objected to the closure of the historic house museum.[111]

Three museums agreed to lend furnishings for the house,[106] but the Board of Estimate would not pay $5,000 (equivalent to $93,000 in 2023) to borrow these items, although private citizens agreed to provide furnishings.[88] Numerous companies wrote letters to the city government, offering to provide material for the house.[112] WPA workers started renovating the mansion and surrounding grounds on January 22, 1942;[113] although the project was supposed to last three months, it was delayed by labor and material shortages.[88] As part of the project, a master bedroom, kitchen, servants' rooms, and offices for the park supervisor and the mayor's security detail were constructed. In addition, new electrical outlets, a driveway, and an iron fence were added.[88] The only access to the mansion was via the driveway, which was guarded by a police booth.[114] The renovation involved up to 300 workers at once,[115] and the project was completed on May 21.[116][117] The La Guardia family moved into the mansion on May 27, 1942, when the mayor himself was out of town.[118] La Guardia preferred to call the residence "Gracie Farm",[119][120] as he wanted to downplay the house's grandeur.[121]

The La Guardia family lived on the second floor.[18] La Guardia's wife Marie recalled that her husband often had appointments in the front hall, as a proper reception room would not be added for another two decades.[122] Due to a lack of money and wartime constraints, the La Guardias rarely hosted guests at the mansion.[121] Those they did included George II of Greece (the first monarch to meet with a mayor at the mansion),[123] Cuban president Fulgencio Batista,[124] Czechoslovak president Edvard Beneš,[125] and U.S. General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower.[126] After moving into Gracie Mansion, La Guardia used it as a "summer city hall".[127] In mid-1942, there were proposals to melt down the mansion's iron fence for the World War II effort, although Moses claimed the fence had no salvage value and was essential for security.[128] The businessman Walter Hoving claimed in 1943 that the city could save $100,000[vii] by giving up the mansion and the WNYC radio station,[129] to which Moses claimed that NYC Parks was entirely responsible for the mansion's upkeep and that the city did not subsidize the mayor's residence at all.[130] The La Guardias moved to Riverdale, Bronx, after La Guardia left office at the end of 1945.[131]

20th century

[edit]

O'Dwyer and Impellitteri use

[edit]

When William O'Dwyer was elected in 1945, he initially said he would not relocate from his Brooklyn residence.[132] O'Dwyer reversed his previous decision after determining that the mansion offered more privacy than his own house.[133][114] The mansion was repainted and refurnished,[134] and the O'Dwyers moved into the house at the end of January 1946.[135] To give the mayor's family more privacy, the lawn to the south and east of the mansion was expanded by 25 feet (7.6 m) in mid-1946.[136] An elevator was installed for O'Dwyer's wife Kitty, who had Parkinson's disease, although she did not use the elevator, instead staying on the upper stories with her nurses and housekeeper.[137] Kitty O'Dwyer died less than a year after moving in.[137][138] The O'Dwyers' official guests included Mexican president Miguel Alemán Valdés[139] (the first head of state to attend an official function there)[140] and U.S. president Harry S. Truman.[141] After O'Dwyer remarried Elizabeth Sloan Simpson in late 1949, Sloan Simpson indicated that she did not intend to renovate the house.[142][143] O'Dwyer and his wife left the mansion after he resigned in August 1950 to become the U.S. ambassador to Mexico.[142]

New York City Council president Vincent R. Impellitteri became the city's acting mayor at the beginning of September 1950,[144] and he and his wife Betty moved in shortly after.[145] Betty Impellitteri said she would not redecorate or refurnish the house;[146][147] the family also kept their old apartment on 16th Street.[148] Even though Impellitteri had been appointed to a four-month term and could not live in the mansion if he lost that year's special mayoral election, he decided to use the mansion to receive official visitors.[149] Over the next several years, few people were invited to the house.[18] Impellitteri, who would serve as mayor until 1953,[150] recalled that he did not host any guests overnight, and a New Yorker columnist said that the mansion's gates were often closed and that the lights were frequently off.[146] During Impellitteri's tenure, an Israeli artist's oil painting[151] and a portrait of his wife were added to the mansion.[152]

Wagner use, development of annex

[edit]
Looking north from the house's southern corner

Robert F. Wagner Jr. was elected in 1953, and he and his family moved into the house at the end of January 1954[153][154] from their nearby apartment on 86th Street.[155] The facade was repainted, and some of the interior rooms were refurnished;[154] several pieces of art and furniture were placed into storage.[156] Other artifacts, including paintings, tables, and chests, remained in place.[157] The mayor's wife Susan asked city workers to seal up the elevators so their young sons, Duncan and Bob, would not play with them.[153][156] The Wagners added wallpaper and draperies to the rooms, and they added three portraits of women to the living room.[158] Five staff members were employed at the house.[159][160] In the summer, the Wagner family spent time at their summer home in Islip, New York.[161][162] The Wagner sons rode bicycles around Gracie Mansion in the spring and fall, and NYC Parks employees put up Christmas trees in the house during the holiday season.[161] A portrait of Susan, by Willy Pogany, was added to the house in 1955.[161] The house's kitchen was upgraded in 1957 with cabinets, an oven, a refrigerator, and other appliances.[163] Over the years, visiting world leaders donated other objects for the mansion.[164]

In contrast to their predecessors, the Wagners hosted many guests at the mansion.[18] Susan Wagner hosted an average of four events a week at the mansion,[161] starting with her first press conference in March 1954.[165] Almost all rooms at Gracie Mansion were open to visitors, and charitable organizations hosted teas at the house, except when the Wagner sons were on vacation from school.[157] Other guests during Wagner's tenure included U.S. presidents Truman and John F. Kennedy,[159] as well as Congress members, governors, visiting mayors, and foreign politicians.[160] Duncan and Bob often explored the mansion and, as they grew older, participated in events there.[166] Susan estimated that she was hosting at least 125 events at the mansion annually by 1957.[163] By the late 1950s, the mansion averaged 600 weekly visitors,[161][157] and official city meetings sometimes encroached into the mansion's living space, forcing Susan to go inside a closet to change clothes.[167][168] The mansion's food costs averaged $2,000 a month by 1960;[viii][169] this prompted NYC Parks commissioner Newbold Morris to reduce the mansion's food budget to $14 a day.[ix][170] One of Wagner's opponents in the 1961 New York City mayoral election claimed that the Wagners were illegally overspending at the mansion,[171] while another opponent vowed to turn it into a museum.[172]

The Committee to Preserve Gracie Mansion as New York's White House, formed in 1963,[173][174] sought to raise $250,000[x] to expand and renovate Gracie Mansion.[168] Susan Wagner, who said she had long pursued a renovation of the mansion, hired Edward Embry to design a northern expansion.[174] The plans were delayed when Susan fell ill from cancer;[175] she died in March 1964.[164][173] The Committee for Gracie Mansion, which was incorporated that May, announced that the house's expansion would be named in her memory.[176] The committee and the city government signed an agreement the next month, allowing the committee to raise funds.[177] The architect Mott B. Schmidt prepared plans for a new west wing. The revised plan, announced in January 1965, was originally planned to cost $700,000[xi] and be privately financed.[167][178] The wing was to be used for meetings and receptions.[167]

Groundbreaking for the wing took place in May 1965,[179] and the city's Art Commission approved plans for the annex the next month.[180] Jeannette Becker Lenygon, who had helped redecorate the Blair House and White House, was hired to select furnishings.[181][182] Wagner was remarried to Barbara Cavanagh in July 1965.[183] The family moved out of the mansion that September;[184] Cavanagh had never moved in, as Wagner was to leave office at the end of the year.[183][185] For the rest of his term, Wagner used the house only for official events.[186] By that October, the annex was to cost $800,000, of which about $660,000 had been raised.[xii][187]

Lindsay and Beame use

[edit]

When John Lindsay was elected as mayor in November 1965, he offered to pay to repaint the original mansion;[188][189] Morris said that NYC Parks would pay for repainting.[190] In either case, the annex was not complete at the end of the year,[191] and the house could not be repainted until the annex was finished.[190][189] The Lindsay family temporarily lived at the Roosevelt Hotel during early 1966;[192][193] his wife Mary wanted to fire some of the mansion's staff[194] and expressed an intention to help workers fix up the house.[195][196] The family, with their four children, moved to Gracie Mansion in mid-March, ten weeks after Lindsay took office.[197][198] The interior spaces were again redecorated in advance of the family's move,[199] and some broken furnishings were repaired.[200] The city government spent $20,000[xiii] to install sprinklers after city officials declared that the house was a fire hazard.[18][201] Lindsay directed city officials to build a helipad near the mansion that May,[202] as the mansion's lawn was too windy to land on.[203][204] A wooden stockade fence was installed behind the house's wrought-iron fence in June.[205] Mary Lindsay did not wish to host public events in the main mansion, aside from meetings that she organized herself,[206] as she wished to confine all other events to the new annex.[196][197]

The expansion, which ultimately cost $800,000,[xiv][207][208] was dedicated on September 27, 1966.[209][210] A garden with tall hedges had been planted next to the annex by 1967, further screening the mayor's family from passersby.[211] That year, NYC Parks banned active recreational activities next to the house,[212] and the original furnaces were replaced.[213] The attic served as a playroom,[214] and NYC Parks workers built a treehouse for the Lindsays' children.[214][215] Mary Lindsay told media outlets in the late 1960s that she regarded the smooth operation of the mansion and household as being among her primary duties as the city's first lady.[216][217] During the first four years of her husband's eight-year tenure as mayor, she oversaw the redecoration of the mansion's interior spaces.[217] Despite the large number of official functions that took place at Gracie Mansion, the mayor's family was still able to use it for "real, homely" life, as The Christian Science Monitor described it;[122] the family kept several pets at the mansion, such as dogs, gerbils, and birds.[204] Guests such as Constantine II of Greece, Harold Arlen, Johnny Carson, Charlie and Oona Chaplin, and Robert Redford visited the mansion during the Lindsays' time there.[215]

After Abraham Beame was elected to succeed Lindsay in 1973,[218] the house was renovated in January 1974 with a $40,000[xv] allocation from the city.[219][220] The Beames' friend Joan Haber, an interior designer, helped redecorate the house.[220][221] One of the Lindsays' bedrooms was converted into a sitting room, while another became a study.[219] Two other bedrooms were used by the Beames' grandchildren during their visits to the mansion.[222] During the first several weeks of his term, Beame continued to live at his house in Belle Harbor, Queens,[223] and he and his wife Mary moved into Gracie Mansion at the end of February.[224] During the Beames' occupancy, the mansion hosted guests such as Japanese emperor Hirohito and actress Gloria Swanson, and it also held events such as a United States Bicentennial celebration.[225] After Ed Koch defeated Beame in 1977, the Beames bought an apartment nearby.[226] Mary Beame asked if they could stay in the house briefly after Koch was inaugurated on January 1, 1978,[227][228] but Abraham Beame chose to move out just before Koch's inauguration.[228][229]

Koch use and expansion

[edit]
Security guard's station in front of the house

When Koch began moving into the mansion at the end of 1977, he ordered new furniture and brought some clothes from his Greenwich Village apartment.[230] Koch originally preferred to stay at his apartment on weekends,[231] saying the mansion was "nice, but it's like a hotel".[232] He decided to live at Gracie Mansion full-time only after he attended a family dinner there.[231][233] Koch did not replace the furnishings, though he did add some of his own decor, such as a wooden rabbit sculpture named Pee Wee.[234] Several paintings were added to the mansion during Koch's first few years, including contemporary art from the Met and from modern art galleries,[235] as well as ten 20th-century paintings lent by New York University.[236] These works of art were added at the urging of New York City cultural affairs commissioner Henry Geldzahler.[234][237] In addition, when the New York state government began conducting a renewable-energy study in 1979, Koch invited the state government to install equipment at the mansion.[238] The state government dismissed the offer because it was not cost-efficient.[239]

Koch was the first unmarried mayor to move into the mansion;[228] his assistant Dorothy Aschkenasy acted as the city's unofficial first lady, overseeing the mansion's other staff and ensuring the house was in good shape.[234] Three or four times a week, Koch hosted events for guests ranging from civic and ethnic associations to visiting politicians.[240] Whereas his predecessors' families typically ate at the mansion alone or with a small number of guests, Koch regularly invited dozens of people for breakfast and dinner.[234] For example, Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin stayed at the mansion for a few days in 1978.[241][242] Koch also hosted other visitors including U.S. president Ronald Reagan,[243] Archbishop of New York John O'Connor, Catholic saint Mother Teresa, and filmmaker Woody Allen.[242] These events required that a chef live in the mansion around the clock; Koch, who was a picky eater, went through four chefs in four years.[244] Koch began giving tours of the house to the general public in September 1980;[245] the tours attracted up to 20,000 people annually.[242] During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the city converted Gracie Mansion's attic into an apartment for Koch's chef.[246][247][d]}} The rest of the mansion needed upgrades as well; the main house and reception area were linked only by a kitchen, and the offices in the basement were too small.[249]

Koch announced a renovation of the mansion in 1981[250] and formed the Gracie Mansion Conservancy the next year to oversee renovations of the mansion.[251] Koch convinced Joan K. Davidson to serve as the conservancy's first chairperson.[237][252] Charles A. Platt was named the coordinating architect,[252][253] Albert Hadley and Mark Hampton were hired as interior decorators,[253] and Dianne Pilgrim and David McFadden were employed as the curators.[252] Hadley resigned from the project due to disagreements[254] and was replaced by Marilynn Johnson, a Metropolitan Museum of Art curator.[254][255] Work on the project began in March 1983 with the replacement of the porch.[256][257] The project included new furnishings, landscaping, a new porch, expanded staff rooms, HVAC and electrical upgrades,[249][258] as well as a gourmet kitchen.[43] Workers upgraded the mansion while restoring it to as close to its original design as possible;[259][260] they used dozens of paint and wallpaper samples to restore the original appearance.[260][261] Numerous designers were hired to decorate the interiors.[258] The renovation also included archeological excavations, as well as the refurbishment of paths and parking spots.[262]

The renovation was finished in November 1984.[258][263][261] The renovation had cost $5.5 million;[43] the city government had provided $1 million, while the remainder had been raised privately.[xvi][237][264] Over the next year, Koch hosted over 23,000 guests at the mansion, more than he had invited in any other year.[265] Koch also hired the horticulturalist Maureen Hackett to restore and maintain the grounds in 1987.[262][266] After Koch suffered a stroke the same year, he had a temporary office in Gracie Mansion while he recovered.[267] Gracie Mansion was one of the founding members of the Historic House Trust, established at the mansion in 1989.[268][269] Koch moved to an apartment on Fifth Avenue after losing reelection later that year.[270] By then, the house hosted 22,000 guests annually.[266][271] The city's commissioner of investigation released a report in 1991, finding that Gracie Mansion had not had an official budget for at least a decade.[248] The report found that there had been several "wasteful projects" at the mansion during Koch's tenure, including $53,000 of work on a kitchen barbecue[xvii] and thousands of dollars worth of custom-made equipment.[248][272]

Dinkins and Giuliani use

[edit]
The side porch at Gracie Mansion
The mansion's porch

When David Dinkins won the 1989 New York City mayoral election, his wife Joyce Dinkins indicated that she would not change the decor,[273] as Koch had already renovated the mansion extensively.[274] The Dinkinses did contemplate adding a swing set and other features for their grandchildren.[275] The Dinkins family relocated to the mansion in mid-January 1990,[271][276] after they redecorated the interior and moved some furniture.[277] Joyce Dinkins read to first-grade students at the mansion once a week,[274][278][279] and the Dinkinses hosted "Kids Day at Gracie Mansion" every summer.[278] The Dinkinses' highest-profile guest at the mansion was the future South African president Nelson Mandela.[280][281] During Dinkins's mayoralty, there was controversy over a $11,500 headboard that Dinkins had ordered for the mansion;[xviii][282] he and his allies eventually agreed to reimburse the city and the Gracie Mansion Conservancy for the cost of the headboard.[283] City inspectors discovered high lead levels in the mansion's water supply in 1992.[284]

After Rudy Giuliani defeated Dinkins in 1993,[285] the house's curator was suspended after inappropriately firing two of the house's staff.[286] Giuliani, his wife Donna Hanover, and their young children Andrew and Caroline moved into the mansion at the beginning of 1994.[287] Despite the large number of events that the Giulianis hosted at the mansion, they still wanted their children to live regular lives there.[288] Hanover became the chairwoman of the Gracie Mansion Conservancy[288][289] and had a four-employee office at the mansion.[290] As chairwoman, Hanover raised around a million dollars for the house's upkeep,[288][289] including over $400,000 in 1994 alone.[xix][291] The New York City Police Department considered replacing the mansion's security system at the end of 1994,[292] and police commissioner William Bratton spent $150,000 the next year on a new security system.[xx][293] In addition, the chimneys and other furnishings were repaired;[291][294] the mansion was repainted;[295] and Tiffany & Co. gifted china to the mansion.[296] Because of the house's small size, the Giulianis hosted few overnight guests, limiting stays to close friends and family.[297] During the late 1990s, there were still public tours of the mansion, which displayed 700 antique items.[298]

When Giuliani and Hanover separated in 2001, Hanover sued to prevent Giuliani's girlfriend Judith Nathan from moving into the mansion.[299][300] The lawsuit mainly concerned whether the mansion should be considered a private residence rather than a private space.[301] A judge ruled in Hanover's favor, saying the family's children had a right to move around the house without being interrupted by visitors.[302][303] By then, Giuliani privately noted that the mansion's interiors were starting to decay, while other observers such as Ed Koch said that the exterior was also rundown.[295] Hanover said the conservancy was restoring the windows, roof railings, and carpets, but that the next mayor would be responsible for repainting the house.[289] The mansion also had several rat infestations.[304] Hanover refused to vacate the mansion,[305] so Giuliani had moved out by July 2001, months before he was to leave office.[306] The New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, upheld Nathan's ban from the mansion that October.[307]

21st century

[edit]

Bloomberg tenure

[edit]

When Michael Bloomberg was elected in 2001, his mayoral transition team began discussing a renovation of the mansion.[308] Bloomberg's partner Diana Taylor wanted them to live there, but he refused,[309][310] saying it would be a large expense for taxpayers that was not justified.[310][311] Furthermore, Bloomberg already had a residence on the Upper East Side.[312][313] The exterior was repainted in April 2002 with $85,000 from an anonymous donor,[xxi][314][315] who may have been Bloomberg himself.[315] A major restoration of the mansion began that May.[316] The renovation was designed by Bloomberg's personal decorator Jamie Drake and involved replacing mechanical systems, reinforcing the internal structure, and repainting and restoring historical elements.[316][317] Bloomberg borrowed sculptures from the Museum of Modern Art to decorate the lawn,[314][318] and Tiffany & Co. donated more china.[296] The mayor's living spaces and the Wagner wing were to be renovated as well.[314] The project was completed in October 2002 for $7 million, which included $700,000 for the installation of fixtures.[xxii][316][317] The renovation had been largely funded with $5.5 million in private donations.[xxiii][316][319]

Under Bloomberg's tenure as mayor, the house was open to the public on Tuesdays, and visitors were permitted to see the upstairs rooms.[316] Bloomberg used the mansion as a place for official visitors to stay.[313][319] The mansion hosted 178 events in 2003, the first full year after the renovation, [312][313] with events including receptions and holiday parties.[320] The Gracie Mansion Conservancy received $1 million in donations from January to September 2003 (an increase from $42,200 in all of 2001),[321] and the house itself saw 23,000 visitors during 2003.[312] The house hosted official state visits, luncheons, dinners, receptions, awards ceremonies, and cultural events. Under Bloomberg's mayoralty, the house hosted such varied overnight guests as Miami mayor Manuel A. Diaz, South African archbishop Desmond Tutu, and Norwegian Crown Prince Haakon.[322] Gracie Mansion continued to be known colloquially as the "mayor's house",[323] and it retained a full-time staff of 12.[23]

By 2011, annual visitation had increased to 40,000.[309] A Daily News investigation that year found that 16 active violations of city building codes had been recorded at the house, including a crumbling wall.[324] A renovation of the kitchen began in June 2012[325][326] and was completed the next year for $1.25 million.[23] Bloomberg, who served as mayor until 2013, never lived in the house,[327] and he recommended that his successors not live in the house.[328][329] Toward the end of Bloomberg's term, the mansion was cleaned and repaired for his successor.[330]

De Blasio use

[edit]

Major candidates in the 2013 election indicated that they wished to live in Gracie Mansion.[23] The winner, Bill de Blasio, delayed moving into the mansion until the end of the 2013–2014 academic year, as his son Dante was attending Brooklyn Technical High School.[331] De Blasio's family began moving into the mansion in June 2014;[332] it took almost two months.[333] The de Blasio family furnished the second-floor living space with about $65,000[296][334] or $70,000 of furniture donated by West Elm.[335] Another $80,000 went toward security, cleaning, maintenance, and relocation of belongings.[336] The first floor was used for official events and city business.[320][337] At the NYPD's request, a tall fence was installed around the mansion in 2014 to protect de Blasio's family.[338] The de Blasio administration estimated that it would host over 50 events a year at the mansion,[331] and his wife Chirlane McCray hosted several exhibits at the mansion during de Blasio's mayoralty.[339] By 2015, the roof was leaking and needed to undergo asbestos abatement.[340][341]

Adams use

[edit]

Eric Adams and his family lived in Gracie Mansion after he won the 2021 election.[342] Following his victory, Adams implied that he might split his time between Gracie Mansion and his home in Brooklyn,[343] then said that he would bring only his mattress to the mansion without redecorating it.[344] The house continued to be rented out for events such as weddings.[345]

On September 26, 2024, federal agents executed a search warrant at Gracie Mansion, a few hours before Adams was indicted on federal charges of bribery, fraud, and illicit solicitation of foreign campaign donations, following an extensive criminal investigation into Adams and his associates.[346][347] Adams's phone was seized by the FBI during the search.[347]

Architecture

[edit]
Western side

Archibald Gracie built the two-story wooden house in the Federal style.[348] The design of the structure has been variously attributed to Pierre Charles L'Enfant, the French engineer responsible for the L'Enfant Plan in Washington, D.C.;[25][18][208] Ezra Weeks, a prominent builder;[25][104] or John McComb Jr., who had designed Hamilton Grange and New York City Hall.[104] A 1959 news article described the house as originally measuring 50 by 65 feet (15 by 20 m) across.[157] Ellen Stern wrote that "calling this clapboard country house a mansion—rather than a manor house or villa—might seem an urban affectation when applied to so quaint a dwelling", but that its early occupants definitely considered it a mansion.[349]

There is a separate two-story wing next to the mansion, designed by Mott B. Schmidt; the wing is designed in a neo-Georgian style and has its own entrance.[167] The new wing is known as the Susan B. Wagner Wing.[350]

Facade

[edit]

The original mansion's facade initially consisted of cream-colored clapboard panels and white trim, and there were green shutters flanking each window.[32][351] Repainted several times over the years, the siding was painted ocher in 2002, and the trim and shutters were repainted in their original colors.[40] The windows on the first and second floors are stacked atop each other in a manner that appears symmetrical. The eastern and western elevations of the facade are slightly asymmetrical because the house was expanded to the north in 1811.[348] In addition, part of the basement is visible due to the slope of the site.[348]

There is a porch around the southern and eastern elevations and on part of the northern elevation.[348] The original porch around the mansion had a Chinese Chippendale–style balustrade;[352] the current porch dates to 1984 and is of largely similar design.[258] The balustrade is interspersed with Tuscan-style columns. On the eastern facade, the porch is accessed by a short stoop with two tall windows on either side.[348] As built, the main doorway is divided into six panels[348] and is topped by a fanlight and flanked by sidelights.[32][352] The semicircular fanlight is decorated with rosettes, while the sidelights are separated by pilasters.[348] The doorway, attributed to L'Enfant,[352][28] was originally on the north or south elevation but was placed on the east side of the house by 1811.[28][41] The top of the main roof is surmounted by a Chinese Chippendale–style balustrade.[348][352] There are four chimneys on the roof: two larger chimneys above the original 1799 structure and two smaller ones above the 1811 expansion.[348]

The original house's southern elevation is placed behind the porch and contains four windows on each story. There is a narrow gap between the original house and the wing to the southwest. The western elevation of the original house was built with four windows on either story, but one of the first-story windows was replaced with a connection to the wing.[353] On the northern elevation, the original house is designed symmetrically around a protruding central bay with rectangular windows on the first and second floors and a lunette window at the attic. The section of the porch to the left (east) of this bay is open-air, while the section of the porch to the right (west) is enclosed with glass.[354] The northern elevation of the wing has its own entrance from the mansion's driveway and has a clapboard facade.[167] The entrance has a portico with hand-carved columns, which was based on a similar portico designed for the Tichnor family in Boston.[207] Except for the portico columns, which are designed in the composite order, the wing largely duplicates the design details of the original house.[355]

Interior

[edit]

Main house

[edit]
Main stair hall

The rooms of the main house retain the same layout as in 1811, although the designs of each room have been changed over the years.[355] Before 1942, the house was used as a museum and had a restroom in the basement, a museum curator's office on the first floor, and a park supervisor's apartment on the second floor.[88] Following the 1980s renovation, the mansion was redecorated with 19th-century chandeliers, mirrors, and other artifacts.[109] The mansion includes around 14 rooms[348][18] and eight bathrooms.[18][356] In general, the rooms have wall dados, fireplaces, plain cornices, and high ceilings.[355] The fireplaces in the house largely have classical designs with a mantelpiece shelf supported by tapering vertical pilasters.[357]

First floor
[edit]

As built, an entrance hall ran through the original house's first floor from north to south, flanked by two rooms on either side.[28][32] A parlor and pantry were added to the north in an 1811 renovation.[41] When the mansion was converted into the mayor's residence in 1942, the present-day living room, library, and dining room were preserved, and a new pantry, dining room, and kitchen were built on the first floor.[88] Over the years, all of these rooms have had several different names.[358]

There is a foyer with a black-and-white trompe-l'œil pattern on the floor, which in turn surrounds a compass rose.[359] This foyer, designed by Stephen Gemberling, dates to an 1980s renovation and is based on the original design of the foyer's floor.[360][258] Although the trompe-l'œil pattern was reportedly cheaper than importing real marble,[298] Koch claimed it would have been cheaper to just install real marble.[43] The foyer also has a fireplace with decorations that resemble those at the main entrance.[357] A Sheraton settee was installed in the foyer during the renovation.[255][298]

To the right of the main foyer is the parlor, also known as the living room or drawing room,[358] with a large marble fireplace.[116] The parlor, added during the expansion of 1811,[355] has full-height windows that face the house's porch.[298] Compared with the other rooms in the mansion, the drawing room has deeper windows; its marble fireplace mantel is decorated with plain columns and a linear relief pattern. There are also a service door to the north and windows to the east.[357]

To the left of the foyer, at the rear of the house, is a dining room[42] that seats 22 people.[109] After the 1980s renovation, it included a French Empire sideboard made in the U.S. and 1830s French wallpaper that depicted rustic and classical scenes.[109][255] The wallpaper was salvaged from a house in Albany, New York.[298] There is also a fireplace that is placed off-center along one wall.[355] The dining table itself, made in 1815 for the Gracies, is constructed of marble and oak wood.[298] The library—also known as the small parlor, study, and sitting room[358]is next to the dining room and in front of it.[116][117] The library's windows include etchings of the names of Gracie's granddaughter Millie; John Lindsay's daughter Margi;[361] Caroline Giuliani; and Donna Hanover.[362] Bloomberg's daughters Georgina and Emma also etched their names into the window.[120] Both the library and the dining room date from the house's 1799 completion.[355]

Other floors
[edit]

A curving staircase, at the rear of the house,[355][42] leads from the first floor to the second.[116][117] As built, the second floor had three bedrooms accessed by a central hallway, as well as two smaller rooms that were probably used for storage.[32] The second floor was refitted with four bedrooms (each with a private bathroom), as well as a sitting room, in 1942.[88] One of the bedrooms is a guest bedroom, while the others are used by the mayor's family. The master bedroom and the adjacent sitting room occupy the former site of the park supervisor's apartment.[116] When Koch was mayor, a secure bunker was installed in the bathroom adjoining the mayor's bedroom.[363]

The basement originally contained the kitchen and may have also included staff quarters.[32] The 1942 renovation added four servants' rooms, an office for the park's caretaker, and an office for the mayor's bodyguards to the basement.[88] There is a gift shop in the basement.[40]

Annex

[edit]
Interior of Wagner wing

When the Wagner wing was built, it nearly doubled the mansion's size.[356] The annex could seat up to 150 people at once.[208][178] An open terrace, extending off the wing, could fit another 150 guests.[178] The Wagner wing has a Federal-style mirror,[109] as well as four fireplace mantels and hearths, salvaged from other 18th-century houses in the city.[18] Various pieces of antique furniture were loaned, donated, or purchased for the Wagner wing,[364] including an 1820s Duncan Phyfe table built for Joseph Bonaparte.[18] Although the annex was finished in 1966, it was not connected to the main house for over two decades, as Susan Wagner had wanted the two structures to be separate.[181] A hall, sometimes known as the hyphen,[104] was constructed between the main house and annex in the 1980s, requiring the relocation of the mansion's original main stairway.[258][365]

The wing is accessed by a hallway with a marble floor and a 17.25-foot-high (5.26 m) ceiling.[364] Inside the main level of the wing is a ballroom (originally known as the Susan Edwards Wagner Ballroom), the design of which is based on that of the Lyman Estate in Waltham, Massachusetts.[207][364] Gracie Mansion's ballroom measures either 48 ft × 25 ft (14.6 m × 7.6 m)[366] or 50 ft × 24 ft (15.2 m × 7.3 m) across and has a coved ceiling measuring 18 feet (5.5 m) high.[18][207][367] The walls of the ballroom were originally decorated with French windows and gray-blue walls, topped by a frieze with garlands and fruit bowls.[207] There are also 12 neoclassical columns throughout the ballroom.[298] A chandelier from 1783 hangs from the ceiling, and eight lighting sconces are mounted onto the walls.[364] A portrait of Susan Wagner, painted by Willy Pogany, was also displayed in the ballroom.[207] The ballroom's Adam style mantel was salvaged from the James Watson House, the residence of Archibald Gracie's brother-in-law Moses Rogers.[368][355]

Flanking the ballroom are two smaller rooms: a dining room and a reception room.[207][366][355] There is also a serving pantry on the ballroom level.[207] The dining room's mantel was salvaged from a house on Greenwich Street.[368] Mark Hampton redecorated the ballroom, dining room, and reception room in the Federal style during the 1980s.[258] The basement was constructed with a conference room, an office for the mayor, and another office for the mayor's secretary.[167][178][367] The conference room was designed to fit at least 30 people,[178] and press offices also occupied the basement.[207][367]

Operation

[edit]

The mansion has served as the official New York City mayor's residence since 1942.[313] Visiting official guests may also sleep at the house,[313] and numerous mayors have invited their political allies to the mansion.[369] The house has also been used for ceremonies and governmental business.[249]

Gracie Mansion remained valuable into the early 21st century. A real-estate expert estimated in 2008 that the house could be auctioned for $250 million,[370] and Vanity Fair magazine wrote in 2014 that the house and site were worth an estimated $125 million to $200 million.[371] The New York Times reported in the late 1970s that the mansion also increased the value of mayors' pensions even after they retired. For instance, although Abraham Beame earned $60,000 a year just before he left office in 1977, he also received a $30,000 benefit from using the mansion, making his total pension $90,000 a year.[372] Due to its role, the mansion has sometimes been described as the "People's House"[55] or New York City's "Little White House".[104]

Maintenance

[edit]

The New York City Department of Parks and Recreation has owned the house since before it became a mayoral residence.[107] The mansion's upkeep is partially overseen by the Gracie Mansion Conservancy, a public–private partnership formed in 1981 under Ed Koch's mayoralty.[108] The conservancy was originally established to restore the mansion and preserve it.[264] By the 1990s, the conservancy also employed a curator and assistant curator for the mansion.[277] The Gracie Mansion Conservancy oversees educational programs and events at the mansion.[373] In 2012, it was recorded as having a $1.7 million annual operating budget, most of which was paid by the city.[23] The house is a member of the Historic House Trust.[268][269]

Public access

[edit]

Although the mansion was closed for public tours between 1942 and 1980,[245] it has often been open to the public since then, even when in use as a mayoral residence.[374] As of 2024, the Gracie Mansion Conservancy provides tours of the mansion one day a week;[375] the tours cover the first floor.[376] The de Blasio family suspended tours of the house between 2014 and 2016.[377] Visitors were banned from taking photographs except in the Wagner Ballroom.[359] The public has also been invited to the mansion for special occasions such as annual trick-or-treating events.[378]

Besides official business, Gracie Mansion has hosted other types of events over the years. Its first fashion show took place in 1956.[379] The mansion also has hosted exhibitions during its time as a mayoral residence. This included a 2015 exhibit of artifacts relating to minority groups;[380] a 2017 exhibit with World War II–era artifacts;[381] a 2019 exhibit of women's paintings;[382] and a 2020 exhibit on social justice.[339] The mansion has also been used as a meeting place for clubs such as the Gracie Book Club.[383]

Impact

[edit]

Reception

[edit]
The Wagner wing as seen from the west

One writer from 1913 said that "there are evidences of its old-time grandeur, when it entertained some of the brightest men of the day in this country".[22] Another writer said in 1922 that "no resident of such a mansion could wish to travel or to forsake its cheerful rooms always suggestive of home",[66] while The Atlanta Constitution called it "a worthy example of the solidity and beauty of early New York architecture" in 1927.[75] A writer for The Baltimore Sun said in 1931 that "its neat and happy present brings to mind certain outlines of its domestic past".[384] A decade later, a writer for The Christian Science Monitor described the site "a most fitting frame for the office of the city's Chief Executive".[36] The Christian Science Monitor writer contrasted its preservation with the planned demolition of Castle Clinton, which had been approved shortly beforehand.[36] The New York Herald Tribune wrote that no other mayoral residence in the city's history was "more gracious or larger than Gracie Mansion".[99]

When the Wagner annex was proposed in 1965, New York Times architecture critic Ada Louise Huxtable described it as "notable for its scholarly and appropriate good taste", compared to the original plan for the house's expansion, which she compared to a suburban garage.[385] After the annex was completed, Huxtable said that the annex "is worth every penny that the city did not spend", in part because of the craftsmanship and furnishings of the interiors, as well as the fact that the exterior neither directly replicated nor clashed with the facade of the original mansion.[368] The Christian Science Monitor wrote in 1966 that the annex was "of architectural and interior distinction, which reflects warmth and a welcoming sense of hospitality".[208] In 2002, architectural historian Christopher Gray wrote that the annex's interior was "oddly oversized" and that the details in the annex's central hall, although appropriate for the 1960s, "looks like applique".[40]

The New York Daily News wrote in 1973 that the mansion was "a dignified dowager of early American architecture" that remained a prominent presence on the East River.[18] When the mansion's renovation was announced in 1982, a writer for the New York Daily News praised the mansion's "18th century farmhouse look, its human scale, its graceful rooms, its embracing porch and unbelievable (for Manhattan) setting" but criticized plans to convert the house into a cultural showcase.[386] After the renovation, a reporter for the Sun Sentinel wrote in 1985 that "it is the interior decoration that has literally transformed the house" and that the previous mayors' decorations were "dowdy".[255] Referring to Gracie Mansion and City Hall in 1987, a Times writer said: "For all its rush to change, New York, contrarily, installs its seat of power in two of the oldest, most elegant buildings with the most classical lines in New York."[387] A reviewer for The Herald-Times wrote in 2017 that "Gracie Mansion abounds in architectural and decorative interest", citing the floor and furniture of the foyer as being of particular interest.[359]

Preservation

[edit]

Gracie Mansion was one of 6,500 buildings in the U.S. that were photographed as part of the Historic American Buildings Survey between 1933 and 1942.[388] The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission considered designating Gracie Mansion as a city landmark in March 1966,[389] and the mansion was designated as such later the same year.[55][390] It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975,[391][392] following advocacy from Beame and LPC chairwoman Beverly Moss Spatt.[393]

[edit]

The mansion was depicted in a 1952 exhibit of historic homes presented by the New-York Historical Society (N-YHS),[394] and was the subject of another N-YHS exhibition in 1981.[395][392] At the end of 1966, after the mansion's Wagner wing was completed, the wing and the original mansion were shown in a half-hour WCBS-TV broadcast.[396] During Gracie Mansion's 1980s renovation, N-YHS curator Mary Black was commissioned to write a book about the mansion's history.[397]

The mansion has also been the setting of, or filming location for, several fictional media works. The original footage from the TV show The Yule Log was filmed at Gracie Mansion in 1966 and shown on WPIX-TV (channel 11).[398][399] Several scenes in the 1974 film The Taking of Pelham One Two Three depicted the house's exterior and interior,[400] although the interior scenes were filmed at Wave Hill in the Bronx, where one room was redesigned to resemble Gracie Mansion.[401] The movies Ghostbusters II (1989) and City Hall (1996) were set at Gracie Mansion,[362] as was the 1997 novel The Puttermesser Papers by Cynthia Ozick.[402] The mansion and its surroundings were used extensively as a setting in Linda Fairstein's 2010 novel Hell Gate; Fairstein said she had set the novel at the mansion because "it had a history and physical beauty that fascinated me".[403]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

Explanatory notes

  1. ^ Contemporary drawings and art showed the house as having been completely destroyed.[28][19] Robert E. Meadows, who helped restore the house in the 1980s, theorizes that it is unlikely Belview Mansion was destroyed, as the materials were in decent condition and were not cheap to replace.[31] Mary Beth Betts of the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission says that, although contemporary sources said the house was destroyed, later investigations indicated that parts of Belview Mansion may have been preserved.[32]
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023). "What Was the U.S. GDP Then?". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved November 30, 2023. United States Gross Domestic Product deflator figures follow the MeasuringWorth series.
  3. ^ a b 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
  4. ^ Sources disagree on whether the attic apartment cost $45,000,[247] $67,000,[246] or nearly $72,000.[248] The price range is equivalent to between $128,000 and $204,000 in 2023.[b]

Inflation figures

  1. ^ About $112,731 in 2023[b]
  2. ^ About $23.42 million in 2023[b]
  3. ^ About $21.72 million in 2023[b]
  4. ^ About $651,048 in 2023[b]
  5. ^ About $168,000 in 2023[b]
  6. ^ About $400,000 in 2023[b]
  7. ^ About $1,409,000 in 2023[b]
  8. ^ About $20,598 in 2023[c]
  9. ^ About $144 in 2023[c]
  10. ^ About $1,907,000 in 2023[b]
  11. ^ About $5,165,000 in 2023[b]
  12. ^ The total cost is equivalent to $5,903,000, of which $4,870,000 had been raised, in 2023.[b]
  13. ^ About $144,000 in 2023[b]
  14. ^ About $5,740,000 in 2023[b]
  15. ^ About $192,000 in 2023[b]
  16. ^ The total cost was about $13,652,000, of which the city raised $2,482,000, in 2023.[b]
  17. ^ About $106,000 in 2023[b]
  18. ^ About $23,700 in 2023[b]
  19. ^ About $746,000 in 2023[b]
  20. ^ About $274,000 in 2023[b]
  21. ^ About $138,000 in 2023[b]
  22. ^ The total cost was about $3,239,000 for the whole project and $1,134,000 for fixtures in 2023.[b]
  23. ^ About $8,907,000 in 2023[b]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Federal Register: 44 Fed. Reg. 7107 (Feb. 6, 1979)" (PDF). Library of Congress. February 6, 1979. p. 7538 (PDF p. 338). Archived (PDF) from the original on December 30, 2016. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  2. ^ National Park Service 1975, p. 1.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Carl Schurz Park Highlights". New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  4. ^ Jacobson, Aileen (October 16, 2019). "Yorkville, Manhattan: Still Relatively Quiet, But Easier to Get Around". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  5. ^ "Changes Sought at Schurz Park; Mayor's 'Backyard' Group Urges Greater Safety". The New York Times. May 31, 1963. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  6. ^ Black 1984, p. 6.
  7. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 13.
  8. ^ a b Stokes, I.N.P.; Paltsits, V.H.; Wieder, F.C. (1922). The Iconography of Manhattan Island, 1498–1909: The Period of Discovery (565–1626); The Dutch Period (1626–1664). The English Period (1664–1763). The Revolutionary Period, Part I (1763–1776). Robert H. Dodd. p. 106. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  9. ^ a b c d Federal Writers' Project (1939). New York City Guide. New York: Random House. p. 250. ISBN 978-1-60354-055-1. (Reprinted by Scholarly Press, 1976; often referred to as WPA Guide to New York City.)
  10. ^ "Harris' Point (Horen's Hook 1776) Wards Island and Hellgate, 1859". NYPL Digital Collections. Archived from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  11. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 14.
  12. ^ Black 1984, pp. 6–8.
  13. ^ a b Dunlap, David W. (October 23, 2007). "In Drawing, Guide to Past of Gracie Mansion Site". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  14. ^ Sabine, Lorenzo (2009). Biographical Sketches V3. Papers of George Washington: R. Applewood Books. p. 396. ISBN 978-1-4290-1953-8. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  15. ^ a b c Pollak, Michael (March 26, 2006). "N.Y.P.D. Green". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  16. ^ a b Stern 2005, pp. 14–16.
  17. ^ a b c "Plan to Make Grade Mansion City's 'White House' Is Drafted: Official Residence for Mayors in Historic Building in Carl Schurz Park Is Expected To Be Approved by Board of Estimate". New York Herald Tribune. December 5, 1941. p. 1. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1266838409.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s O'Neill, Edward (February 18, 1973). "You've Come a Long Way, Gracie!". Daily News. pp. 43, 44. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  19. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 16.
  20. ^ a b National Park Service 1975, p. 6.
  21. ^ "Top 10 Secrets of Gracie Mansion, The Home of NYC's Mayor". Untapped New York. July 28, 2022. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  22. ^ a b c Erhard, Ursinus (February 23, 1913). "Mysterious Tunnel Found in New York: Subterranean Passage Leads From Old Gracie Mansion to the East River—Gotham Gossip". San Francisco Chronicle. p. 53. ProQuest 574169560.
  23. ^ a b c d e "Gracie Mansion Set To Return To Use As A Home". CBS New York. October 12, 2013. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  24. ^ Stern 2005, p. 22.
  25. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 18.
  26. ^ Black 1984, p. 30.
  27. ^ Stern 2005, p. 17.
  28. ^ a b c d e f National Park Service 1975, p. 8.
  29. ^ Brown 1924, p. 138.
  30. ^ a b c d e Strausbaugh, John (December 14, 2007). "In the Mansion Land of the 'Fifth Avenoodles'". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  31. ^ a b Stern 2005, pp. 18–20.
  32. ^ a b c d e f Stern 2005, p. 19.
  33. ^ a b "Tunnel Averts Latest Threat To Gracie Home: Past Menaces to Site of Mansion Recalled by Decision in Drive Project". New York Herald Tribune. January 15, 1939. p. A3. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1243112830.
  34. ^ a b c "Old Gracie House.: A Historic Mansion, Dating Back to 1760, Purchased by New York City". St. Louis Post – Dispatch. May 13, 1894. p. 8. ProQuest 579116542.
  35. ^ a b Brown 1924, pp. 138–140.
  36. ^ a b c Ince, Ethel C. (January 10, 1942). "To Change the Subject: Why Not Cherish New York Landmarks?". The Christian Science Monitor. p. 11. ISSN 0882-7729. ProQuest 513766618.
  37. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 23.
  38. ^ Black 1984, p. 27.
  39. ^ a b c d e f Wiseman 1982, p. 39.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Gray, Christopher (May 26, 2002). "Streetscapes/Gracie Mansion; A Residence With a View, Even Without the Mayor". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  41. ^ a b c d Stern 2005, pp. 23–24.
  42. ^ a b c d e Hazelrigg, Hal (May 3, 1936). "Gracie Mansion, By East River, Flourishes With Old, Grandeur". New York Herald Tribune. p. M2. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1352653054.
  43. ^ a b c d Collins, T.J.; Freifeld, Karen (October 10, 1990). "Gracie Mansion's History Dates to 1799". Newsday. p. 35. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 278251039. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  44. ^ a b c Wilkerson, Lyn (2010). Historical Cities-New York City. Caddo Publications USA. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-4524-1373-0. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 23, 2023.
  45. ^ Black 1984, p. 29.
  46. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 24.
  47. ^ a b c "Old Gracie Home Nearly Restored; Mansion of Former Merchant Prince Likely to Be Opened to Public by May 1". The New York Times. March 15, 1936. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  48. ^ Nichols, M. (2018). Hell Gate: A Nexus of New York City's East River. Excelsior Editions. State University of New York Press. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-4384-7140-2. Archived from the original on December 26, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  49. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 26.
  50. ^ a b Black 1984, p. 48.
  51. ^ a b c d e f Stern 2005, p. 28.
  52. ^ Blume, Kenneth J. (2012). Historical Dictionary of the U.S. Maritime Industry. G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. Scarecrow Press. p. 258. ISBN 978-0-8108-5634-9. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  53. ^ Brown 1924, p. 140.
  54. ^ a b c Black 1984, p. 54.
  55. ^ a b c Diamonstein-Spielvogel, Barbaralee (2011). The Landmarks of New York (5th ed.). Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-4384-3769-9.
  56. ^ Black 1984, p. 66.
  57. ^ Black 1984, pp. 68–69.
  58. ^ Black 1984, p. 69.
  59. ^ "Steam Heat in Gracie Mansion". New-York Tribune. November 22, 1911. p. 5. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 574835826.
  60. ^ a b c "A New York Country Place at Eighty-Eighth Street: Away From the Noisy City Famous Guests and Neighbors Its Recent History Some Details of the Furnishings". The Christian Science Monitor. July 9, 1927. p. 8. ISSN 0882-7729. ProQuest 512194093.
  61. ^ a b "Plans Gracie Mansion Tea; Mrs. Van Rensselaer Memorial Room Committee to Meet April 23". The New York Times. March 22, 1928. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  62. ^ "D. A. R. Meeting To-Day To Aid in Citizenship". New-York Tribune. October 30, 1920. p. 9. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024; "Society Women and Two Movements to Americanize Aliens". Daily News. November 1, 1920. p. 5. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  63. ^ a b Brown 1924, pp. 33–34.
  64. ^ "Want Gracie Mansion Restored as Museum". The Evening World. March 6, 1922. p. 3. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  65. ^ "Gracie Mansion to Be Preserved; Historic Place Overlooking Hell Gate Will Be Turned Into a Museum". The New York Times. April 2, 1922. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024; Price, Lucy Jeanne (April 22, 1922). "New York From the Eye of a Woman". The Buffalo Enquirer. p. 10. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  66. ^ a b Harvier, Ernest (January 15, 1922). "Little-Known City Park; Charms of Pleasure Ground on East River Front Named in Honor of Carl Schurz It Attracts Convalescents. Carl Schurz. In Old Madrid. History of the Park Site. Hell Gate. The Gracie House. Park Development. Origin of Central Park". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  67. ^ a b "Gracie Mansion in Dispute; Two Societies Seek Use of Historic House in Carl Schurz Park". The New York Times. June 12, 1923. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  68. ^ a b "Will Push Work on New Museum; Remodeling of Gracie Mansion Probably Will Not Be Completed Until Fall". The New York Times. June 10, 1923. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  69. ^ a b "City's Picture To Be Taken at $500,000 Cost: New Museum's Staff Will Spend Three Years in Taking Photos of Every Phase of Life in New York Huntington to Head Work Collection Will Be Ready for 300th Anniversary of Founding of Manhattan". New-York Tribune. December 4, 1923. p. 13. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1331158371.
  70. ^ "Hylan for City Museum; Tells Commissioner Gallatin He Will Approve Bill for Lease". The New York Times. April 4, 1923. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  71. ^ "New Museum of City's Life To Be Introduced". The New York Herald, New York Tribune. April 15, 1924. p. 6. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1112945351.
  72. ^ "New York's Own Museum Open in Gracie Castle: Mansion Is Restored With Quaint Collection of Prints, Rugs, Bric-A-Brac Of Victorian Gentility Genuine Wooden Indian Gilt Shaving Mug Included and Wax Flower Masterpiece in Glass Case". The New York Herald, New York Tribune. November 8, 1924. p. 8. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 103329999; "Old Relics Housed in Gracie Mansion; City's Social Life a Century Ago Depicted in Building Now a Museum". The New York Times. November 9, 1924. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  73. ^ "Gracie Mansion Open Monday As City Museum: Structure Built Before Revolution Houses Relics of N. Y. Life Through the Many Phases of Progress New Building Planned Exhibits on View to Public Daily After Tuesday Tell Vividly of City's History". New York Herald Tribune. March 20, 1927. p. 18. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1113530108; "Old Gracie Mansion on East River Open; Unofficial Inspection of City Landmark Made by 800 Guests of New York Museum". The New York Times. March 21, 1927. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  74. ^ "SIte Is Assembled for City Museum; Sponsors of Building Plan Get Plots on Washington Square South". The New York Times. November 22, 1927. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  75. ^ a b "Paint Saves Historic Gracie Mansion". The Atlanta Constitution. September 25, 1927. p. b2. ProQuest 499938947.
  76. ^ "Gracie Home Aglow Again With Candles; Mansion Restored by Museum as Typical New York House of 100 Years Ago". The New York Times. March 22, 1927. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  77. ^ "East Side Is Losing Its Old-Time Aspect". The New York Times. November 13, 1927. p. RE1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 104067433.
  78. ^ "Gracie Mansion Popular; Register Shows 130,000 Visited Museum in Year". The New York Times. May 11, 1928. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  79. ^ "City Urges U. S. Cease Hell Gate Channel Blasts: Danger to Near-By Residents Given as Reason in Telegram to War Department Many Complaints Received Collapse of Ceiling in Gracie Mansion Latest Damage". New York Herald Tribune. June 23, 1928. p. 3. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1113458583; "Hell Gate Blasting Causes Protests; Near-By Residents Complain of Damage From Dredging Operations There". The New York Times. June 23, 1928. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  80. ^ "River Blasting Halts Repair of Gracie Mansion: Restoration of House as City Museum Annex Awaits Finish of Hell Gate Work Art Objects in Storage Fifth Ave. Site to Give Panorama of New York Life". New York Herald Tribune. August 12, 1928. p. A3. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1113522738.
  81. ^ "Home Damaged By River Blasts, Says Park Head: Walls Cracked by Work in Hell Gate, Herrick Tells First Avenue Association Gracie Mansion Weakened Hurley Army Engineers Dispute 'Trespassing' Charge". New York Herald Tribune. January 28, 1931. p. 3. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1114054984; "East River Blasting Causes Park Damage; Commissioner Says Complaints to War Department Fail to End Trouble". The New York Times. January 28, 1931. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  82. ^ "Park Improvements Will Help East Side Realty". New York Herald Tribune. September 15, 1929. p. E2. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1112005997; "Improving Schurz Park; Gracie Mansion Repairs Will Benefit Apartment Centre". The New York Times. September 15, 1929. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  83. ^ "Lack of Money Keeps Museum Of N. Y. Closed: 2,000,000 Fifth Ave. Structure, Completed in December, Needs $150,000 Fine Exhibits Unmounted Skeleton Staff at Work Now; Trustees Meet in October". New York Herald Tribune. July 23, 1931. p. 36. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1114127913.
  84. ^ "Museum in New Building". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. August 25, 1932. p. 10. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  85. ^ a b "Historic Gracie Mansion Is Left Empty by City: Watchman Is Lone Dweller in Big House That Once Knew Washington Irving Deserted by Museum Park Board Employees Know of No Plans for It". New York Herald Tribune. August 26, 1932. p. 32. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1125435136.
  86. ^ a b "Historic Mansions Restored by City; Park Department Announces Completion of Work on Gracie House and Jumel Home". The New York Times. April 27, 1936. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved January 5, 2024; "Restored Gracie Mansion Open to Public Saturday". New York Herald Tribune. April 27, 1936. p. 17A. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1240230754.
  87. ^ "Old Grace House Will Be Museum: Park Department Remodeling Historic Mansion Facing the East River". The New York Times. January 27, 1935. p. RE1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 101533302.
  88. ^ a b c d e f g h "La Guardia May Go to Mansion in May; Work of Refitting the Gracie House Proceeds Despite War Stays and Lack of Cash". The New York Times. April 6, 1942. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  89. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 34.
  90. ^ "Famous Names Mark Area of Gracie Square: Well-Known Men Lived in District Now Given Over to Multiple Housing". New York Herald Tribune. September 8, 1940. p. C12. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1243156113.
  91. ^ "River Highway Plan Changed at Gracie Mansion: Drive to Have Two Decks and Tunnel to Protect View at East 84th Street". New York Herald Tribune. December 27, 1938. p. 17. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1243112830; "East River Drive to Avoid Mansion; Tunnel Under Park in Front of Gracie Home Will Preserve the Unobstructed View". The New York Times. December 27, 1938. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  92. ^ "Plans Drawn for Drive Under Carl Schurz Park: East River Project to Preserve Gracie Mansion View". New York Herald Tribune. January 8, 1940. p. 3. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1247168593; "Design of Tunnel for the East River Drive". The New York Times. January 8, 1940. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  93. ^ "East Drive Section Will Open in June; Highway From 49th to 93d Street on River Expected to Be Complete June 29". The New York Times. April 1, 1940. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  94. ^ a b "44 New Blocks Of East River Drive Ready: LaGuardia and Isaacs to Dedicate 49th −93d -St. Unit at Noon Tuesday". New York Herald Tribune. June 16, 1940. p. B1. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1341740325.
  95. ^ "East River Drive Work Begun at Gracie Mansion". New York Herald Tribune. February 12, 1940. p. 17. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1242948757.
  96. ^ Stern 2005, p. 35.
  97. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 42.
  98. ^ a b "How Gracie Mansion Became New York's 'Little White House'". Curbed NY. January 3, 2014. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  99. ^ a b "Mayor to Have Prize Home of All City's Heads: Gracie Mansion Outshines Historic Residence of Even Colonial Governor". New York Herald Tribune. May 3, 1942. p. A15. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1265924380.
  100. ^ Gray, Christopher (July 8, 2010). "The Late Great Charles Schwab Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  101. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 43–45.
  102. ^ a b c d Stern 2005, p. 45.
  103. ^ "Gracie Mansion Plan Favored By La Guardia: Board of Estimate Members Also Approve Its Use as Official Home of Mayors". New York Herald Tribune. December 6, 1941. p. 13A. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1267854613; "Mayor Backs City 'White House' Plan". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 6, 1941. p. 3. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  104. ^ a b c d e Fiore, Rebecca (November 30, 2017). "Gracie Mansion's 150-Year Journey to Housing Mayors". amNewYork. Archived from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
  105. ^ "Mansion Plan Revived; No Steps Taken Yet, However, On Using Gracie House for Mayor". The New York Times. December 6, 1941. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  106. ^ a b "Gracie Mansion Mayors' Home Three Museums to Furnish It: Board of Estimate Accepts City 'While House'; 1790 Furniture To Be Lent, Rooms Altered; LaGuardias Likely to Move In by April 1". New York Herald Tribune. January 9, 1942. p. 1. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1256340210; "Official Residence Set Up for Mayor; Gracie Mansion in Carl Schurz Park Designated Unanimously by the Board of Estimate". The New York Times. January 9, 1942. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  107. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 46.
  108. ^ a b Black 1984, p. viii.
  109. ^ a b c d e Leapman 1999, p. 214.
  110. ^ "Citizens' Union Opposes Official Home for Mayors". New York Herald Tribune. February 4, 1942. p. 13. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1264418590.
  111. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 46–47.
  112. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 47–48.
  113. ^ "Gracie Mansion Closed". New York Herald Tribune. January 23, 1942. p. 17. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1263520112; "Repairing Gracie Mansion; WPA Crew Starts Preparing It as Residence of Mayors". The New York Times. January 23, 1942. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  114. ^ a b "Gracie Mansion To Be O'Dwyer Home After All: He Reconsiders Decision to Continue Living in Bay Ridge House When Mayor". New York Herald Tribune. December 6, 1945. p. 17A. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1291120706.
  115. ^ "Work on Grade Mansion Sped For Mayor, Deadline Tomorrow: Much Still Undone, W. P. A. Crew of 300 Rushes Task, But LaGuardias Are Not Expected to Move In on the Appointed Day Preparing the Gracie Mansion To Be the Official Home of the City's Mayors". New York Herald Tribune. May 14, 1942. p. 21. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1263621382.
  116. ^ a b c d e "Work Finished, Gracie Mansion Awaits Mayor: Home Ready, Six Days Laic, LaGuardia Moving Plans Still Are Unannounced". New York Herald Tribune. May 22, 1942. p. 19. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1267863969.
  117. ^ a b c "Gracie Mansion Ready for Mayor; La Guardia Family Plans to Move Next Week to Historic House Facing Hell Gate". The New York Times. May 22, 1942. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  118. ^ "La Guardias Begin Moving Into the Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. May 27, 1942. p. 19. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 106464884; "LaGuardias Are Moving Into the Gracie Mansion". New York Herald Tribune. May 27, 1942. p. 8. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1263631714.
  119. ^ Shientag, Florence Perlow (October 27, 1979). "Fiorello's Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  120. ^ a b Hampson, Rick (January 2, 2014). "Mayoral Mansions Have Mixed Track Record". USA TODAY. p. A2. ProQuest 1473628836. Archived from the original on May 20, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  121. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 49.
  122. ^ a b Adams, Cindy (December 13, 1968). "Wives Compare Notes on Gracie Mansion". The Christian Science Monitor. p. 10. ISSN 0882-7729. ProQuest 511043455.
  123. ^ "City and Columbia Honor Greek King; Mayor Welcomes George II and Is His Host at Oracle Mansion Luncheon". The New York Times. June 18, 1942. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  124. ^ "Officials Greet Batista, Here On Flying Visit: Cuban President Welcomed by Mayor and Poletti: Tours War Plants Today". New York Herald Tribune. December 13, 1942. p. 42. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1263706146.
  125. ^ "Czecho-Slovak President Receives a Floral Greeting on His Visit Here". New York Herald Tribune. May 29, 1943. p. 13. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1267961756.
  126. ^ O'Hara, Tom (June 20, 1945). "Social Graces Blossom Anew For Eisenhower: Gracie Mansion's Glories Revived (Meatlessly) for Mayor's Luncheon Two Who Attended the Ceremonies at City Hall". New York Herald Tribune. p. 6. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1291112364.
  127. ^ "Gracie Mansion Playing Role Of Summer Home for Mayor: Too Busy Lo Sojourn With Family at Northport, He Finds New City Residence, With Gardens and Trees, A Fair Substitute for Country". New York Herald Tribune. July 28, 1942. p. 17. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1260024495.
  128. ^ "Moses Says Grade Fence Iron Is Not Worth Salvaging for War". New York Herald Tribune. July 8, 1942. p. 17. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1266855878; "Moses Says That Gracie Mansion Iron Fence Is Reclaimed Junk and Valueless as Scrap". The New York Times. July 8, 1942. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  129. ^ Lee, Dick (March 23, 1943). "Hoving Hits Mayor on Realty Tax". Daily News. p. 360. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  130. ^ "Moses Belittles Hoving Proposal; Denies City Could Save by Ending Mayor's Occupancy of Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. March 25, 1943. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  131. ^ "Mayor Purchases a $40,000 House In Riverdale for Home After Jan. 1". The New York Times. October 23, 1945. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  132. ^ Lynch, Denis Tilden (November 7, 1945). "O'Dwyer Asks All to Back Him, Says He'll Be the Mayor of All: Sees United Efforts Needed for Four Difficult Years Facing the City; He Won't Move to Gracie Mansion From Brooklyn Home". New York Herald Tribune. p. 1A. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1291140168.
  133. ^ "O'Dwyer Will Live in Gracie Mansion; Historic Building Being Renovated for Occupancy Feb. 1 by the Mayor-Elect". The New York Times. December 6, 1945. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  134. ^ O'Hara, Tom (January 5, 1946). "Gracie Mansion Gets Face Lift For O'Dwyers: City and Museum Aids Rush Renovation to Let Mayor Move In Before Feb. 1 Grade Mansion Is Being Refurbished for the New Mayor". New York Herald Tribune. p. 13. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1291112364; "Workmen Speed Up on Gracie Mansion; Redecorating in Bright Colors to Make It Ready for the O'Dwyers This Month". The New York Times. January 5, 1946. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  135. ^ Grindle, Paul (January 28, 1946). "Mayor Moves Into Shined-Up Gracie Mansion: 5 Appeals Court Judges, All Old Friends, Call to Toast Him in New Home Germans Testify in War-Crimes Trial in Italy". New York Herald Tribune. p. 38A. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1291134767; "O'Dwyer Family Moves Into the Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. January 28, 1946. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  136. ^ "Gracie Mansion Lawn Extended In Schurz Park: Latter Is Losing 25 Feet to Give More Privacy to Mayor's Official Home". New York Herald Tribune. July 2, 1946. p. 24. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1284578845; "Expanding Lawn Around the Mayor's Residence". The New York Times. July 15, 1946. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  137. ^ a b Stern 2005, pp. 51–52.
  138. ^ "Mrs O'Dwyer Dies; Wife of Mayor, 54; Former Catherine Lenihan Succumbs After Long Illness". The New York Times. October 13, 1946. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  139. ^ Warren, Virginia Lee (May 5, 1947). "Aleman and Son Ride on Subway; Only Two Persons Recognize Him". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  140. ^ Stern 2005, p. 53.
  141. ^ "World Peace Truman's Aim". Daily News. October 25, 1949. p. 3. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  142. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 54.
  143. ^ "Flowers Brighten Gracie Mansion For Arrival of City's First Lady". The New York Times. December 30, 1949. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  144. ^ Crowell, Paul (September 3, 1950). "Impellitteri Takes Full City Powers; The Impellitteris Inspect Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  145. ^ Bugbee, Emma (September 6, 1950). "Impellitteris At Home Now in Gracie Mansion: 'Moving Day' No Chore for Mrs. Impellitteri, With House Already in Order". New York Herald Tribune. p. 17. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1327390259; "New Mayor Moves to Gracie Mansion; Impellitteris Take Up Residence at Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. September 6, 1950. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  146. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 58.
  147. ^ "Mrs. 'Impy', Highly Pleased, Won't Change Gracie Mansion". The Atlanta Journal and the Atlanta Constitution. November 12, 1950. p. 2B. ProQuest 1630252564.
  148. ^ Bugbee, Emma (November 9, 1950). "Mayor's Wife To Quit 22-Year Law Firm Post: Moving Personal Effects From City Apartment for 3 Yrs. In Gracie Mansion". New York Herald Tribune. p. 27. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1336772688; "Impellitteri Will Occupy Gracie Mansion This Fall". The New York Times. August 24, 1950. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  149. ^ Ingalls, Leonard (August 24, 1950). "Impellitteris Decide to Live in Gracie Mansion: Will Use It 4 Months for Its Entertaining Space but Keep Their Home Lease". New York Herald Tribune. p. 12. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1326831269.
  150. ^ Asbury, Edith Evans (December 31, 1953). "This Is Moving Day in Gracie Mansion; Mrs. Impellitteri Wants Sleep – Mrs. Wagner Is Resigned to Sons' Rattletrap Beds". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  151. ^ "City Gets Oil Painting; Gift of the Friends of Israel to Hang in Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. February 27, 1952. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  152. ^ "Mayor's Wife in Portrait; New Painting of City's First Lady Is in Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. July 23, 1952. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  153. ^ a b Petersen, Anna (January 26, 1954). "Wagners Occupy Gracie Mansion; Unpacked Cartons Jam Home of Mayors, Now Modified for Tenants With Two Boys". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  154. ^ a b Bugbee, Emma (January 26, 1954). "The Wagners Move Into Grade Mansion". New York Herald Tribune. p. 12. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1322367617.
  155. ^ Asbury, Edith Evans (November 5, 1953). "Mrs. Wagner Gets Hint of Her Future; City's New First Lady Invites Friend for Quiet Luncheon, But Bedlam Is Order of Day". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  156. ^ a b O'Neill, Edward (December 20, 1953). "City Hall". Daily News. p. 4. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  157. ^ a b c d Narel, Dorothy (April 23, 1959). "Of Many Things". The Kingston Daily Freeman. p. 23. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  158. ^ {{unbulleted list|Bugbee, Emma (March 4, 1954). "Wagner Family Is Settled In 'New' Gracie Mansion". New York Herald Tribune. p. 21. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1322370676; Asbury, Edith Evans (March 4, 1954). "2 Boys Rule Gracie Mansion Decor Amid a Pale Blue Color Scheme". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  159. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 62.
  160. ^ a b Benjamin, Philip (June 26, 1960). "Who Picks Up the Tab at Gracie Mansion?; Visitors and Kings Dine Royally, But Not Off Mayor". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  161. ^ a b c d e Stern 2005, p. 63.
  162. ^ Given, Sue (August 23, 1954). "Islip Home 8-Yr. Haven for Wagners: Here Is Enjoyed Some Respite from "Gracie Mansion Feet" for Mrs. Robert F. Wagner, Who Remains Loyal to Family's Summer Hideaway". Newsday. p. 31. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 898047615.
  163. ^ a b Davidson, Margaret (May 1957). "New Kitchen for Gracie Mansion: Extra Aids at Gracie Mansion". Ladies' Home Journal. Vol. 74, no. 5. pp. 124–125, 127. ProQuest 1879225791.
  164. ^ a b "Mrs. Wagner Dead at 54 From Cancer". Newsday. March 2, 1964. p. 1. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 913584304.
  165. ^ Wilson, Theo (March 4, 1954). "Mizzoner Hits It Off at Her Press Debut". Daily News. p. 4. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  166. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 61–62.
  167. ^ a b c d e f Ennis, Thomas W. (January 12, 1965). "Gracie Mansion Getting 18th-Century-Style Wing". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  168. ^ a b "Wagners Find Gracie Mansion Can Be Embarrassingly Small". Poughkeepsie Journal. November 10, 1963. pp. 7A. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  169. ^ Bennett, Charles G. (December 1, 1960). "Morris and Wife to Supervise Gracie Mansion's Food Buying; Morris and Wife to Supervise Gracie Mansion's Food Buying". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  170. ^ Littell, Walter D. (February 16, 1961). "Wagners Eating More Hamburger: Gracie Mansion's Food Bill Cut 78% Willi Parks Dept. As Shopper". New York Herald Tribune. p. 23. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1326063647; Johnston, Richard J. H. (December 2, 1960). "Gracie Mansion Food Costs Cut To $14 a Day as Gift Snacks End". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  171. ^ O'Neill, Edward; Patterson, Neal (August 23, 1961). "Wagner 'High Living' Breaks Law: Gerosa". Daily News. pp. 3, C6. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  172. ^ "Battista Vows Savings; Says He Would Turn Gracie Mansion Into Museum". The New York Times. November 2, 1961. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  173. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 65.
  174. ^ a b Tolchin, Martin (October 18, 1963). "Refurbishing of Gracie Mansion Is Planned in $250,000 Drive". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  175. ^ "Gracie Mansion Renovation Plan Revived by Board of Estimate". The New York Times. June 26, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  176. ^ "Memorial for Mrs. Wagner". Daily News. May 19, 1964. p. 5. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023; "Gracie Mansion Expansion To Honor Mrs. Wagner". The New York Times. May 19, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  177. ^ "Gracie Group to Seek Funds". Daily News. June 30, 1964. p. 227. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023; "Volunteers to Raise Funds For Gracie Mansion Wing". The New York Times. June 30, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  178. ^ a b c d e "A New Look for Gracie Mansion". Daily News. January 12, 1965. p. 212. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  179. ^ "Ground Broken by Morris For Gracie Mansion Wing". The New York Times. May 14, 1965. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023; "Ground Broken for New Wing of Gracie Mansion". The Buffalo News. May 13, 1965. p. 3. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  180. ^ "Art Commission Approves Plans for Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. May 26, 1965. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  181. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 126.
  182. ^ Fowle, Farnsworth (August 15, 1977). "Jeannette Lenygon, 100, Decorator". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  183. ^ a b Buckley, Thomas (July 11, 1965). "Mayor and His Bride Won't Live in Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023; Federici, William; Lee, Henry (July 11, 1965). "Barbara & Bob Won't Live at Gracie". Daily News. p. 165. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  184. ^ "Mayor Moves Out of City Mansion; Wagner and Sons Remove Their Personal Effects". The New York Times. September 8, 1965. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023; "Wagner Moves from Mansion". The Buffalo News. September 8, 1965. p. 68. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  185. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 65–66.
  186. ^ Wilson, Theo (July 28, 1965). "Newlyweds Fly to an Isle". Daily News. p. 83. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  187. ^ "$660,000 Given to Fund for Gracie Mansion Addition". The New York Times. October 19, 1965. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  188. ^ Kihss, Peter (November 15, 1965). "Lindsay May Pay To Paint Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  189. ^ a b "Mrs. Lindsay—She'll Take On City Halls—If She Can Find It". Los Angeles Times. December 9, 1965. p. E9. ISSN 0458-3035. ProQuest 155374136.
  190. ^ a b Bennett, Charles G. (November 16, 1965). "Funds Available to Paint Mansion; Lindsays' Pleasure Sought, Morris Says – Gracie Job Was Due in Spring". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  191. ^ Weinraub, Bernard (December 21, 1965). "Lindsays to Face Delay in Using Gracie Mansion; Painting and Refurbishing to Require at Least a Month, Mayor-Elect's Wife Says". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  192. ^ Steinem, Gloria (January 9, 1966). "She Wall Not Vegetate in Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2024; O'Neill, Edward (January 1, 1966). "Lindsay Is Sworn In as No. 103". Daily News. pp. 3, 4. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  193. ^ Stern 2005, p. 67.
  194. ^ "Mrs. Lindsay Considering Cutting Mansion's Staff". The New York Times. January 3, 1966. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  195. ^ "Who's That First Lady Wearing Blue Jeans?". Press and Sun-Bulletin. January 14, 1966. p. 1. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  196. ^ a b Asbury, Edith Evans (January 14, 1966). "An Irked Mrs. Lindsay to Re-Do Mansion; Plans New Furnishings, Decor and Staff for Home". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  197. ^ a b Stern 2005, pp. 67–69.
  198. ^ Smith, Terence (March 15, 1966). "Lindsays Rough It in Their Mansion; 'Living Off Packing Cases' After a Weekend Move". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024; "Lindsays Get New Address". Daily News. March 15, 1966. p. 187. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  199. ^ Warren, Virginia Lee (March 10, 1966). "Lindsays Disclose Plans for Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  200. ^ Stern 2005, p. 135.
  201. ^ "N.Y. Mayor's Home Declared Firetrap". The Washington Post, Times Herald. April 23, 1966. p. A8. ISSN 0190-8286. ProQuest 142908502.
  202. ^ "Lindsay Getting a Copter Pad Near Gracie Mansion; Lindsay Getting East River Pad Off Gracie Mansion for Copter". The New York Times. May 25, 1966. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  203. ^ "New Copter Site Sought by City; At 90th St. And East River, It Could Serve Mayors". The New York Times. April 10, 1966. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  204. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 71.
  205. ^ Reeves, Richard (June 18, 1966). "Gracie Mansion Hides Behind a Wall". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  206. ^ "Second Floor Woes Make Funny Tales: Mary Lindsay Won't Hire Out Mansion as Hall". The Washington Post, Times Herald. May 12, 1966. p. F3. ISSN 0190-8286. ProQuest 142932659.
  207. ^ a b c d e f g h i Ennis, Thomas W. (September 7, 1966). "Mayor's Home Gets an 18th-Century Reception Wing; Wing of Gracie Mansion to Bow With a Formal Grand Ballroom". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  208. ^ a b c d Hoffman, Marilyn (October 5, 1966). "18th-Century Elegance Keys Gracie Mansion's New Wing: In the Planning". The Christian Science Monitor. p. 14. ISSN 0882-7729. ProQuest 510932328.
  209. ^ Ennis, Thomas W. (September 28, 1966). "The Susan Wagner Wing Is Opened at Gracie Mansion; Ell to Home of Mayor Is Gift to the City". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  210. ^ Wilson, Theo (September 28, 1966). "Only the Champagne Was Dry at Gracie Mansion Do". Daily News. pp. 3, 7. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  211. ^ Phillips, McCandlish (July 11, 1967). "Mayor Screening Out Those Who Look In; Woman in Hospital on East End Ave. Kept Eye on Him". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  212. ^ "Active Recreation Banned Next to Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. October 11, 1967. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  213. ^ "Gracie Mansion Family Without Heat 3 Days". The New York Times. March 21, 1967. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  214. ^ a b Gordy, Molly (November 4, 1993). "Kids Lived in Mansion Way Back in Fun City". Newsday. p. 46. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  215. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 72.
  216. ^ Berg, Beatrice (May 12, 1968). "Mary Lindsay Turns Mansion Into a Home: Mary Lindsay Turns Gracie Mansion Into a Home". The Washington Post, Times Herald. p. G13. ISSN 0190-8286. ProQuest 143482385.
  217. ^ a b Wedemeyer, Dee (November 6, 1969). "Gracie Mansion – Home Sweet Home". Star-Gazette. p. 22. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  218. ^ Schumach, Murray (November 9, 1973). "Lindsay and Beame Complete Transition Plans at Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  219. ^ a b Chambers, Marcia (January 4, 1974). "Gracie Mansion Gets a Beame Look". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  220. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 136.
  221. ^ Fallon, Beth (January 29, 1974). "City Hall Due for 140G Cleanup". Daily News. p. 248. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  222. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 76–77.
  223. ^ Roberts, Sam (January 26, 1974). "For Mayor Beame, The Big Apple Is for Biting". Daily News. p. 4. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  224. ^ Carmody, Deirdre (February 27, 1974). "From Belle Harbor to Gracie Mansion: Saga of a Long, Rewarding Moving Day". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024; Fallon, Beth (February 27, 1974). "Mansion Gracie Meets Her Mistress Mary". Daily News. p. 222. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  225. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 75–76.
  226. ^ "Abe, Mary Find Pad". Daily News. October 25, 1977. p. 7. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  227. ^ Dembart, Lee (December 11, 1977). "Koch May Delay His Moving Date To Help Beames". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  228. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 79.
  229. ^ Dembart, Lee (December 25, 1977). "Computers at Department Stores Deny Credit to Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  230. ^ Fallon, Beth (December 30, 1977). "A Changing of the Guard Is Gracie Note for Ed, Abe". Daily News. p. 6. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  231. ^ a b Stern 2005, pp. 79–80.
  232. ^ Dembart, Lee (January 8, 1978). "Koch Leaves Gracie Mansion To Live in His Village Apartment". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  233. ^ Evans, Heidi; McShane, Larry (December 15, 2013). "Growing Up Gracie Kids of Ex-Mayors Offer Advice to Dante & Chiara". New York Daily News. p. 31. ISSN 2692-1251. ProQuest 1468147033.
  234. ^ a b c d Kleiman, Dena (June 8, 1978). "Koch Sets Gracie Mansion Style, And the Main Theme Is Frugality". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  235. ^ "Art People". The New York Times. February 24, 1978. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  236. ^ "Briefs on the Arts". The New York Times. August 20, 1979. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  237. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 139.
  238. ^ Kihss, Peter (May 4, 1979). "Gracie Mansion May Get Alternative-Energy Plant". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  239. ^ "Follow-Up On the News; Gracie Solar Plan". The New York Times. November 22, 1981. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  240. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 80–81.
  241. ^ Kleiman, Dena (May 4, 1978). "Work for Begin Visit Puts City Hall Into Prime Ministerial Condition". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  242. ^ a b c Stern 2005, pp. 81–83.
  243. ^ Haberman, Clyde (September 8, 1981). "Reagan Visits City to Present Check for the Westway Project". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  244. ^ "Another Koch Cook Quits". The Washington Post, Times Herald. August 13, 1981. p. C11. ISSN 0190-8286. ProQuest 147338805; Miele, Alfred; Singleton, Don (September 23, 1981). "Chef's salad days at Gracie Mansion". Daily News. p. 23. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  245. ^ a b Fowler, Glenn (September 25, 1980). "Gracie Mansion Open to First Public Visits; Tours Attract Inquiries Many Owners of Mansion Some Furnishings on Loan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024; Medina, David (September 21, 1980). "Say hello, Gracie—mansion sets tours". Daily News. p. 116. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  246. ^ a b Herbert, Bob (October 21, 1981). "Room at the Top". Daily News. p. 96. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  247. ^ a b Blumenthal, Ralph (October 20, 1990). "Welfare Construction Unit Refurbished Kitchen for Koch". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  248. ^ a b c Kates, Brian (February 22, 1991). "Goodness Gracieous!". Daily News. p. 5. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  249. ^ a b c Wiseman 1982, p. 37.
  250. ^ Stern 2005, p. 84.
  251. ^ Haberman, Clyde; Johnston, Laurie (June 26, 1982). "New York Day by Day". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024; "Conservancy for Gracie Mansion". Newsday. July 2, 1982. p. 25. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  252. ^ a b c Slesin, Suzanne (May 14, 1981). "Rethinking Gracie Mansion, Once More". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  253. ^ a b Stern 2005, pp. 141–143.
  254. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 145.
  255. ^ a b c d Winship, Frederick M. (August 4, 1985). "Renovation of Gracie Mansion Brings Back Original Elegance". Sun Sentinel. p. 9J. ProQuest 389787722.
  256. ^ Stern 2005, p. 143.
  257. ^ Johnston, Laurie; Anderson, Susan Heller (March 30, 1983). "New York Day by Day; A Porch for Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024; "At Gracie, they're up front". Daily News. March 30, 1983. p. 17. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  258. ^ a b c d e f g Slesin, Suzanne (November 8, 1984). "$5.5 Million Face Lift for Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. p. C1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 122480684; Forgang, Isabel (November 11, 1984). "Gracie Gets a Makeover". Daily News. p. 339. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  259. ^ Wiseman 1982, p. 38.
  260. ^ a b Stern 2005, pp. 143–144.
  261. ^ a b "Former Farmhouse Gets a Real Facelift". Newsday. November 17, 1984. p. 55. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  262. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 151.
  263. ^ Stern 2005, p. 147.
  264. ^ a b La Rosa, Paul (July 29, 1982). "At Gracie Mansion, Shabby Realities, Grand Plans". Daily News. pp. 120, 122. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  265. ^ Calderone, Joe (June 1, 1986). "Gracie Mansion's Gracious Host. Mayor Wishes He'd Invited Even More- See End of Text". Newsday. p. 4. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 285325636.
  266. ^ a b Yang, Linda (August 9, 1990). "A Green Thumb Is O.K., But Let's Not Forget the Other Colors: At Gracie, A Gorgeous Mosaic to Please Any Mayor City Gardener Where Noses as August as Alexander Hamilton's Have Sniffed the Blooms". The New York Times. p. C1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 108514257.
  267. ^ Gross, Jane (August 10, 1987). "Recuperating Mayor Shifts His Base to Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024; McLaughlin, Peter; Lombardi, Frank (August 10, 1987). "Mayor is back home". Daily News. p. 5. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  268. ^ a b "Historic House Trust Announced at Gracie Mansion". Historic House Trust of New York City (Press release). June 20, 1989. Archived from the original on June 30, 2023. Retrieved December 23, 2023.
  269. ^ a b Dunlap, David W. (June 20, 1989). "A Trust for New York's Old Houses". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  270. ^ Brown, Patricia Leigh (May 26, 1990). "It's Not Gracie Mansion, But It's Not Bad". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 25, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  271. ^ a b Anekwe, Simon (February 3, 1990). "New York City's First Lady Settles in at Gracie Mansion". New York Amsterdam News. p. 4. ProQuest 226499915.
  272. ^ Purdum, Todd S. (February 22, 1991). "Wastefulness at Gracie Mansion Cited". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  273. ^ Sack, Kevin (November 18, 1989). "Mrs. Dinkins Sees Her Crosstown Home". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024; Kramer, Marcia (November 10, 1989). "Meet Joyce, city's leading lady". Daily News. p. 5. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  274. ^ a b White, Renee Minus (June 23, 1990). "Gracie Mansion's Visitors". New York Amsterdam News. p. 19. ProQuest 226211424.
  275. ^ Kramer, Marcia (November 9, 1989). "Barking and Swinging". Daily News. p. 45. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  276. ^ Heller Anderson, Susan (January 11, 1990). "Chronicle: How Many Closets at Gracie Mansion? At the Century, A Woman for Trustee Nicholas Brady Back at Work Early Birthday for the Jacksons". The New York Times. p. B9. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 108630292.
  277. ^ a b Flynn, Kevin (March 19, 1990). "1st Couple Eases Into Routine Of Historic Home". Newsday. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 278190850.
  278. ^ a b Stern 2005, p. 85.
  279. ^ Freiman, Jane (March 26, 1992). "The New York Newsday Interview With Joyce Dinkins Gracie Mansion Needs Reupholstering". Newsday. p. 101. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 278482322.
  280. ^ Purdum, Todd S. (June 22, 1990). "The Mandela Visit; At Gracie Mansion, Intense Security and Warm Hospitality". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  281. ^ Stern 2005, p. 87.
  282. ^ Kirtzman, Andrew (October 8, 1990). "Dave's Bed of Woes". Daily News. p. 3. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024; "Bed Adds to Dinkins Woes". The New York Times. October 8, 1990. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  283. ^ "Headboard Goes After All". The New York Times. December 30, 1993. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024; Gearty, Robert (March 6, 1992). "Dave's bed tab still due". Daily News. p. 675. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  284. ^ Siegel, Joel (September 14, 1992). "Dave's Water Tainted". Daily News. p. 2. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  285. ^ Cawley, Janet (November 3, 1993). "Giuliani Defeats Dinkins in Down-To-Wire New York Mayor's Race: First Republican to Win Since 1965". Chicago Tribune. p. L19. ISSN 1085-6706. ProQuest 1823705277.
  286. ^ Siegel, Joel (December 23, 1993). "Transition Pot Boils Over". Daily News. p. 8. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  287. ^ Liff, Bob (January 3, 1994). "A Show Stopper". Newsday. p. 35. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  288. ^ a b c Stern 2005, pp. 89–91.
  289. ^ a b c Bumiller, Elisabeth (July 13, 2001). "Hanover Says Painting Mansion Is a Good Idea, If City Hall Helps". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  290. ^ Rush, George; Molloy, Joanna (January 31, 1997). "La Donna Accountable to No One". Daily News. p. 423. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  291. ^ a b Lewis, David L. (January 16, 1996). "No More Gracie Period for Donors". Daily News. p. 2. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  292. ^ Speyer, Rob (December 7, 1994). "Threat Vs. Hizzoner". Daily News. p. 1477. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  293. ^ Lewis, David L. (September 21, 1995). "Gracie Mansion Got 150G Security Boost". Daily News. p. 171. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  294. ^ Stern 2005, p. 154.
  295. ^ a b Bumiller, Elisabeth (July 12, 2001). "Gracie Mansion Needs Attention, But Whose?; Mayor's Marital Dispute Extends to Peeling Paint". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  296. ^ a b c Lemire, Jonathan (August 10, 2014). "NYC's First Family Settling in at Gracie Mansion". Democrat and Chronicle. pp. A32. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  297. ^ "House Guest's Guide To New York". The New York Times. March 9, 1997. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  298. ^ a b c d e f g Pinard Bogaert, Pauline (June 21, 1998). "The Mayor's Manse: Gracie Mansion, Home of the Last Nine Mayors of New York City, May Be Modest by Mansion Standards. But Its History Is Rich, And Its Backdrop Is Grand". Philadelphia Inquirer. p. T.6. ProQuest 1842182834.
  299. ^ Jones, Charisse (May 15, 2001). "Gracie Mansion: A House Divided Ruling Expected Soon on Request to Bar Giuliani's Companion from Home". USA Today. p. A03. ProQuest 408877960.
  300. ^ Peterson, Helen; Blood, Michael R. (May 8, 2001). "War at Gracie Mansion Donna Asks Judge to Keep Rudy's Friend Judith Out". New York Daily News. p. 5. ISSN 2692-1251. ProQuest 305607817.
  301. ^ Blood, Michael R. (May 16, 2001). "Mayor's Crew Yanks Gracie Mansion Blueprints". New York Daily News. p. 3. ISSN 2692-1251. ProQuest 305618088.
  302. ^ Jones, Charisse (May 22, 2001). "Giuliani's Girlfriend Banned from Gracie Mansion Put Children's Needs First, Judge Says". USA Today. p. A09. ProQuest 408852633.
  303. ^ Bumiller, Elisabeth (May 22, 2001). "Judge Orders Mayor's Friend Barred From Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  304. ^ Taylor, Curtis L. (July 11, 2000). "It's War on Rats / Pest Problem Extends Even to Gracie Mansion". Newsday. p. A06. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 279306251.
  305. ^ "She Lives in a House Divided Mayor Rudolph Giuliani's Estranged Wife Refuses to Leave Gracie Mansion". Orlando Sentinel. May 26, 2001. p. A20. ProQuest 279636307; Bumiller, Elisabeth (June 29, 2001). "Giuliani May Leave Mansion To Escape Marital Tensions". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  306. ^ "Giuliani Vacates Gracie Mansion". The Record. July 28, 2001. p. A06. ProQuest 266957521.
  307. ^ Peterson, Helen (October 3, 2001). "Gracie Mansion Ban on Rudy Pal Is Upheld". New York Daily News. p. 44. ISSN 2692-1251. ProQuest 305654502.
  308. ^ Ferla, Ruth La (December 27, 2001). "Bloomberg's Decorator Says, Hello, Gracie". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023; Saul, Michael (December 6, 2001). "Facelift for Gracie". Daily News. p. 9. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  309. ^ a b Saul, Michael Howard (March 27, 2012). "Gracie Awaits a Family". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on November 9, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  310. ^ a b Ortiz, Erik (March 27, 2012). "Mayor Bloomberg: Mayors Shouldn't Live in Gracie Mansion". Newsday. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  311. ^ Dwyer, Jim (March 28, 2012). "With Empty Homes All Over the Globe, An Easy Position to Take". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 18, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  312. ^ a b c Steinhauer, Jennifer (June 11, 2004). "With Mayor Out, The People Move In; New York Finds Many Uses for Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  313. ^ a b c d e Swanson, Stevenson (July 17, 2004). "Gracie Mansion Opens to Public: New York Mayor's Official Residence Is Rich in History". The Washington Post. p. F15A. ISSN 0190-8286. ProQuest 2459892870.
  314. ^ a b c Voboril, Mary (April 28, 2002). "Return to Its Former Grace". Newsday. p. 14. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  315. ^ a b Steinhauer, Jennifer (April 28, 2002). "A Worn Gracie Mansion Awaits Its Face-Lift". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 26, 2015. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  316. ^ a b c d e Dunlap, David W. (October 6, 2002). "The Mayor's Out; The People Are In". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  317. ^ a b Saltonstall, David (October 6, 2002). "Say Hello, Gracie Mansion Reopens After $7m Face-Lift". New York Daily News. p. 29. ISSN 2692-1251. ProQuest 305748518.
  318. ^ Steinhauer, Jennifer (July 3, 2002). "Suddenly, It's Art For the City's Sake; Bloomberg's Hearty Embrace Signals A Whole New Approach at City Hall". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  319. ^ a b English, Merle (October 6, 2002). "A Mansion for Many / Gracie's Restored Glory Open to Public". Newsday. p. A19. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 279642700.
  320. ^ a b Jorgensen, Jillian (December 19, 2016). "The City's Culinary Captain: Feliberto Estevez Is at the Helm in Gracie Mansion's Kitchen". Newsday. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 1850052908.
  321. ^ "Gracie Mansion Attracting More Tourists This Year". Democrat and Chronicle. October 7, 2003. p. 15. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  322. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 94–95.
  323. ^ "Gracie Mansion". Daily News. November 3, 2009. p. 31. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  324. ^ Furman, Bruce; Lemire, Jonathan (April 24, 2011). "City's Own Buildings Have Many Violations, The News Discovers". Daily News. p. 4. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  325. ^ Schiewe, Jess (June 18, 2012). "Absent the Mayor, Gracie Mansion Still Needs a New Kitchen". Observer. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  326. ^ Dunlap, David W. (June 15, 2012). "Gracie Mansion Kitchen, New in Koch's Day, Is to Be Updated". City Room. Archived from the original on June 17, 2022. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  327. ^ Barron, James; Roberts, Sam (November 3, 2013). "New York Mayor's Mansion Seeks a Missing Item (The Mayor)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 4, 2017. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  328. ^ Katz, Celeste (April 5, 2012). "Mayor: Gracie Mansion's A House, Not A Home". The Culvert Chronicles. p. 8. ProQuest 1010386313.
  329. ^ "Get Your Own Mansion: Mike". Daily News. March 28, 2012. p. 19. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  330. ^ Barbaro, Michael (August 28, 2013). "Preparing Gracie Mansion for a New (Live-In?) Mayor". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  331. ^ a b Velsey, Kim (April 29, 2014). "Gracie Mansion Not as Bustling Under Bill De Blasio". Observer. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  332. ^ Taylor, Kate (June 3, 2014). "De Blasio Family Begins Move to Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023; Saul, Michael Howard (June 2, 2014). "De Blasio Family Begins Moving Into Gracie Mansion". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on August 12, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  333. ^ Gay, Mara (July 29, 2014). "De Blasio Finally Settles Down at Gracie Mansion". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on October 20, 2014. Retrieved December 28, 2023; "Mayor, family now live in historic Gracie Mansion". AP News. July 28, 2014. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  334. ^ Grynbaum, Michael M. (July 31, 2014). "Décor at Gracie Mansion Now Fits De Blasio's Style". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  335. ^ Coscarelli, Joe (July 30, 2014). "The De Blasios Did Some Redecorating at Gracie Mansion, Thankfully". Intelligencer. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  336. ^ Grynbaum, Michael M. (August 2, 2014). "Cost of Putting Mayor's Family in Gracie Mansion Nears $145,000". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  337. ^ Wolfe, Jonathan (December 15, 2017). "New York Today: Decking the Halls at Gracie Mansion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  338. ^ Karni, Annie (December 12, 2014). "Higher Fence Erected Around Gracie Mansion". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023; Flegenheimer, Matt (December 13, 2014). "Fence at Gracie Mansion Now Taller Than de Blasio". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  339. ^ a b Pogrebin, Robin (February 20, 2020). "With Final Gracie Mansion Show, First Lady Aims to Secure Arts Legacy". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  340. ^ Fermino, Jennifer; Durkin, Erin (April 10, 2015). "Gracie Needs Fixes". Daily News. p. 13. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  341. ^ Barkan, Ross (April 9, 2015). "Bill De Blasio Says Gracie Mansion Has Asbestos and Water Leaks". Observer. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  342. ^ Merelman, Stephen; LaForgia, Michael (December 9, 2022). "Mayor Eric Adams Wins Fight Over Rat Infestation Fine". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  343. ^ Gartland, Michael (November 3, 2021). "Eric Adams Vows to Be NYC's 'Get Stuff Done' Mayor, Unsure About Residing at Gracie Mansion". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  344. ^ Chang, Clio (December 14, 2021). "Eric Adams and Just His Mattress Are Moving to Gracie Mansion". Curbed. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  345. ^ Honan, Katie (May 1, 2023). "House Party: Mayor Turns Gracie Mansion Into Grand Prospect Hall for Weddings". The City. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  346. ^ Rubinstein, Dana; Rashbaum, William K.; Rothfeld, Michael; Wilson, Michael (September 26, 2024). "Mayor Adams, Confronted With Detailed Graft Charges, Says He Won't Quit". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 27, 2024.
  347. ^ a b Dienst, Jonathan; Winter, Tom; Russo, Melissa; Copenhagen, Courtney (September 26, 2024). "FBI seizes Eric Adams' phone in Gracie Mansion search, lawyer says, as mayor charged". NBC New York. Retrieved September 27, 2024.
  348. ^ a b c d e f g h i j National Park Service 1975, p. 2.
  349. ^ Stern 2005, p. 108.
  350. ^ Aronson, Steven M. L. (November 1, 2003). "See How Michael Bloomberg Restored Gracie Mansion". Architectural Digest. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  351. ^ Leapman 1999, p. 212.
  352. ^ a b c d Gracie Mansion (PDF) (Report). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. September 20, 1966. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 23, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  353. ^ National Park Service 1975, p. 3.
  354. ^ National Park Service 1975, pp. 3–4.
  355. ^ a b c d e f g h i National Park Service 1975, p. 4.
  356. ^ a b "Mayor, Family Now Live in Historic Gracie Mansion". The Citizen. July 29, 2014. p. 5. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  357. ^ a b c National Park Service 1975, p. 5.
  358. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 108.
  359. ^ a b c "NYC's Gracie Mansion—the Resilient 'People's House'". Herald Times. December 2, 2017. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  360. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 145–146.
  361. ^ Stern 2005, p. 110.
  362. ^ a b Castro, Isabel (March 28, 2012). "Gracie Mansion Fun Facts". AM New York. p. 3. ProQuest 1009024979.
  363. ^ Browne, Arthur; Collins, Dan; Goodwin, Michael (July 25, 1985). "Gracie Mansion: Home Sweet Bunker". Daily News. p. 54. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  364. ^ a b c d Brown, Vivian (October 24, 1966). "New York Mayor's Residence". The Sun. p. B5. ProQuest 539565457.
  365. ^ Stern 2005, pp. 146–147.
  366. ^ a b Herzig, Doris (March 11, 1966). "Gracie Mansion Takes on New Dimension". Newsday. p. 93. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 915255273.
  367. ^ a b c Stern 2005, p. 125.
  368. ^ a b c Huxtable, Ada Louise (September 28, 1966). "A Worthwhile Addition; The Reception Wing of Gracie Mansion, Viewed as Object Lesson in Excellence". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  369. ^ Poster, Tom (September 15, 1982). "Making a Run in the Silk Stocking District". Daily News. p. 103. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  370. ^ "Gracie Mansion; Official Residence of the Mayor of New York City". Daily News. September 19, 2008. p. 118. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  371. ^ Makarechi, Kia (June 26, 2014). "De Blasio's New Home Has History of Rodents, Marriage Woes". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on April 1, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  372. ^ Carroll, Maurice (July 7, 1978). "Beame's Gracie Mansion Tenancy Put $30,000 Extra on His Pension". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  373. ^ "A Brief History of Gracie Mansion". The Official Website of the City of New York. Archived from the original on June 7, 2022. Retrieved June 18, 2022.
  374. ^ Marantz, Andrew (January 13, 2014). "The People's House". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  375. ^ "Gracie Mansion". Government of New York City. Archived from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  376. ^ "Book A Tour". Gracie Mansion Conservancy. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  377. ^ Christ, Lindsey (January 26, 2017). "Gracie Mansion Reopens to School Tours for the First Time in De Blasio's Administration". ny1.com. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  378. ^ See, for example:Morales, Monica (October 19, 2023). "Halloween at Gracie Mansion Tickets Available to PIX11 Viewers". PIX11. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023; "Haunted Mansion: Mayor Hosts Halloween Party for Disadvantaged Children at Gracie Mansion". NY1. October 30, 2016. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  379. ^ McCarty, Agnes (May 15, 1956). "Gracie Mansion Is the Host To Its First Fashion Show; Bare-Arm Cottons Turn Cool Shoulder to Summer". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  380. ^ Alcindor, Yamiche (October 24, 2015). "Gracie Mansion Publicly Reopening with New, Diverse Art Installation". USA Today. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023; Kahn, Eve M. (October 14, 2015). "Gracie Mansion Updates Its Art With Diversity". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  381. ^ Durkin, Erin (March 1, 2017). "Gracie Mansion to Exhibit More Than 50 Artworks, Artifacts from World War II Era". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023; Kahn, Eve M. (March 1, 2017). "Gracie Mansion to Display Artifacts From World War II Era". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  382. ^ Steinhauer, Jillian (January 20, 2019). "On Display at the People's House: A Century of Persistence". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  383. ^ "NYC First Lady Chirlane McCray Launches Gracie Mansion Book Club". CBS New York. April 12, 2016. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023; "A Book Club Debuts at Gracie Mansion". Wall Street Journal. May 18, 2016. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on December 28, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  384. ^ Dunham, Elizabeth N. (December 27, 1931). "Old Mansions in New York: A Glimpse of Colonial Days in the Midst of the Modern City". The Sun. p. SM9. ProQuest 538855508.
  385. ^ Huxtable, Ada Louise (January 12, 1965). "A Plan of Taste; Design for Wing at Gracie Mansion Overcomes Some Awkward Problems". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  386. ^ Fallon, Beth (July 5, 1982). "The Ochre Ogre of Gracie Mansion". Daily News. p. 63. Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  387. ^ Shepard, Richard F. (May 29, 1987). "Landmark New York Dwellings Still Speak of Bucolic Times". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 26, 2023. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  388. ^ "Noted Houses Listed by U.S. In Case of Bombs: Gracie Mansion Is Among 6,500 Put on Record for Possible Reconstruction". New York Herald Tribune. February 16, 1942. p. 15. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1267863090.
  389. ^ Ennis, Thomas W. (March 9, 1966). "Preservation Urged for 'Village' and Chelsea Sites". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  390. ^ "Gramercy Park Area Given Historic Designation; 50 Structures Included in Preservation District Gracie Mansion Also Picked as City Landmark". The New York Times. October 7, 1966. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 25, 2021. Retrieved September 25, 2021.
  391. ^ "Metropolitan Briefs". The New York Times. June 17, 1975. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  392. ^ a b Lewis, John (November 22, 1981). "Amazing Gracie: Mayors' Mansion". Daily News. p. 304. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  393. ^ Herman, Robin (August 25, 1974). "Drive On to Get Gracie Mansion In U.S. Historic-Place Register". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  394. ^ "City's Homesteads of Yore Recalled; Historical Society's Exhibit to Depict Rural Manhattan of the 1750–1860 Period". The New York Times. January 20, 1952. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  395. ^ "Gracie Mansion Subject Of Museum Exhibition". The New York Times. November 23, 1981. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  396. ^ Gould, Jack (December 28, 1966). "TV: In Gracie Mansion; Mrs. Lindsay Conducts Tasteful Tour Governor's Job Viewed on Channel 13". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2024; "TV Casts an Admiring Eye on City's Gracie Mansion". Daily News. December 29, 1966. p. 261. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  397. ^ Wiseman 1982, pp. 38–39.
  398. ^ Stern 2005, p. 107.
  399. ^ Maksian, George (December 21, 1989). "Ch. 11 Snuffs out Its 'Yule Log' Tradition". Daily News. p. 96. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  400. ^ Sayre, Nora (October 3, 1974). "'Pelham One Two Three,' Starring Matthau, Catches the City's Mood". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 11, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  401. ^ Moritz, Owen (February 21, 1974). "Will the Real Movie Mayor Stand Up?". Daily News. p. 57. Archived from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
  402. ^ Bernstein, Richard (June 11, 1997). "A Passionate Idealist With a Golem and Bad Luck". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 18, 2023. Retrieved August 23, 2023.
  403. ^ Salamone, Gina (March 7, 2010). "A Monumental Murder Murder. Suspense Book Set at Gracie Mansion Offers Clues to New York History". New York Daily News. p. 12. ISSN 2692-1251. ProQuest 306331801.

Sources

[edit]
[edit]